Parts of Speech
Words that describe a person, place or thing
NOUNS
What is a Predicate?
...describes the action in a sentence
see page 95
T or F
A clause is a group of words that contains at least one subject and one verb.
True
T or F
Appositive phrases often need to be separated by commas.
TRUE
Example:
My sister's dog, a beagle with an awful howl, kept me up all night.
see page 101
What is a "proper noun"?
Examples: March, Trader Joes, Susan
Words that express action
VERBS
What is a sentence fragment?
...looks like a sentence but is incomplete.
Usually meaning either a subject or a predicate.
See page 95
WHat is the difference between a dependent clause and an independent clause?
Dependent clauses do not express a compklete thought.
see page 99
T of F
The most common use of a semi-colon in a sentence is to introduce a list of items.
FALSE
A semi-colon is "part period and part comma" and looks like this ";"
A colon is used to introduce a list of items.
see page 104
T or F
Usually, verbs that end in "s" are plural.
FALSE
Usually, verbs that end in "s" are singular.
Examples: was, has, plans, walks, thinks
See page 106
Words that describe nouns
ADJECTIVES
A sentence is a unit that expresses one complete ____
thought.
T or F
The following is an example of a simple sentence:
I wanted to see the game, but I changed my mind.
False
Because the sentence has two complete thoughts so it is referred to as a Compound Sentence
see page 99
In terms of punctuation, what is the difference between a declarative sentence and an interrogative sentence?
Declarative sentence ends with a period.
Interrogative sentences end with a question mark.
see page 104
T or F
The spelling rules discussed in class and in the text all have exceptions.
TRUE
see pages 114-115
What are these words called: gently, quickly, slowly
These words often describe verbs.
ADVERBS
Is this a correct example of parallel structure?
We went to Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah on our trip.
Yes
see page 96
We were getting hungry, so we started rustling through the refrigerator.
A. simple B. complex
C. compound D. compound-complex
B. complex
...because the sentence has one independent and one dependent clause
What is the difference between using a DASH in a sentence and using a HYPHEN?
Dashes are used inside a sentence to set off an important thought.
Hyphens are used to join words into compound words. Examples: "twenty-one", "five-pound-weight"
See page 104 for other examples
What is the difference between DENOTATION and CONNOTATION?
DENOTATION is a word's literal meaning
CONNOTATION is the impression or feeling that words give readers
see page 117
Words that replace a noun
PRONOUNS
The prefix PRO means "before"
What is a modifier?
...a word or phrase that gives more information about either the subject or predicate of a sentence.
Example: walking slowly
See page 96
A run-on sentence has more than one independent clause joined together incorrectly. How do you fix this run-on sentence to be correct?
Yolanda was full of energy, she had slept well the night before.
Add a conjunction:
Yolanda was full of energy since she had slept well the night before.
see page 99
Explain the concept of Subject-Verb Agreement.
The number of the subject needs to match the number of the verb.
A singular subject needs a singular verb.
Example: The young man waits for the bus.
What is the definition of IDIOM?
OR
Give three examples of idioms.
Definition: commonly used word or group of words that has a figurative meaning different from its literal meaning.
Is "mixed bad" an idiom?
see page 117