The Kidneys
The inner region of the kidney
Medulla
This structure is the site of spermatogenesis. Contains sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells.
Seminiferous tubules
Approximately on which day does ovulation occur during the menstrual cycle?
Day 14
On average, how much of the human body is composed of fluid?
75%
The hormone in the lungs that converts angiotensin 1 into angiotensin 2
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)
How much of cardiac output do the kidneys receive?
20-25%
These cells release testosterone when stimulated by lutenizing hormone.
Leydig cells
These ducts degenerate early in female development.
An imbalance of this mineral is potentially the most deadly
Potassium
The abnormal distribution of body fluids
Fluid sequestration
Functional unit of the kidney
Nephron
The storage area for sperm to mature and become motile
Epididymis
The cessation of menstrual cycles
Menopause
Fluid moves between compartments, in response to changes in....
Blood osmolarity
This hormone inhibits water absorption to lower systemic blood pressure
What is atrial natriuretic peptide
The method that macula densa cells use to stimulate granular cells to release renin
Paracrine stimulation
The midpiece of the sperm body contains many of these for the needs of purpulsion.
Mitochondira
The primary oocyte is arrested in which stage of development?
Prophase 1
This mineral participates in over 300 enzymatic reactions
What is magnesium
This hormone causes increased potassium secretion in the urine
What is aldosterone
Name the three methods of GFR regulation
Autoregulation, Neural regulation, Hormonal regulation
Trace the flow of sperm through the testes
Seminiferous tubules --> straight tubules --> rete testis --> efferent ducts --> ductus epididymis --> Vas deferens
List the stages of the uterine cycle
Day 1-5 = Menstrual phase
Day 5-14 = Proliferating phase
Day 14-28 = Secretory phase
Hyposecretion of ADH can lead to this disease
What is diabetes insipidus
Describe the RAA Pathway
Stimulus = Low BP is detected by the JG apparatus
Macula densa cells detect change in the DCT and trigger granular/JG cells in the afferent arteriole
The JG cells release renin into the blood
Liver continuously releases angiotensinogen into the blood. Renin comes into contact with angiotensinogen (inactive hormone), and converts angiotensinogen into angiotensin I (active). Angiotensin I then contacts ACE, which converts angiotensin I into angiotensin II (active).