Social Thinking
How we think about, perceive, and judge others.
What is social cognition?
Adjusting behavior or thinking to fit in with a group.
What is conformity?
Unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members.
What is prejudice?
An individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.
What is personality?
Psychologist who proposed the id, ego, and superego.
Who is Sigmund Freud?
Attributing someone’s behavior to their personality instead of the situation.
What is the fundamental attribution error?
Classic experiment where participants gave wrong answers to fit in.
What is Asch’s conformity experiment?
An unjustified negative behavior toward a group.
What is discrimination?
Theory that personality is made of unconscious conflicts.
What is the psychoanalytic theory?
Psychologist associated with unconditional positive regard.
Who is Carl Rogers?
A positive or negative evaluation of a person, group, or idea.
What is an attitude?
Changing behavior because of a direct request or command.
What is obedience?
The belief that one deserves whatever happens to them.
What is the just-world phenomenon?
The “Big Five” personality traits include openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and this trait.
What is neuroticism?
The personality test using inkblots.
What is the Rorschach test?
The tendency to overestimate how much others share our beliefs.
What is the false consensus effect?
Famous experiment involving obedience to authority and electric shocks.
What is Milgram’s obedience experiment?
Unselfish concern for the welfare of others.
What is altruism?
Personality theory that focuses on growth and reaching one’s potential.
What is the humanistic theory?
The tendency for people to exert less effort in a group.
What is social loafing?
Judging someone based on our overall impression rather than specific traits.
What is the halo effect?
When group discussion strengthens a group’s dominant position.
What is group polarization?
Failure to help when others are present.
What is the bystander effect?
This theory explains behavior in terms of traits rather than unconscious motives.
What is trait theory?
When people’s beliefs and actions conflict, causing discomfort.
What is cognitive dissonance?