Absolutism
Who was the influential French king known as the Sun King, who established French dominance over Europe and was the longest ruling monarch in European history?
Louis XIV
What was the name of the intellectual movement that stressed reason and thought, and the power of individuals to solve problems?
Enlightenment
Who was called the father of astronomy and invented the telescope?
Galileo
What year did the American colonies declare independence from Great Britain?
1776
What was the pledge by the Third Estate to continue to meet until a new constitution was formed
Tennis Court Oath
Why was Louis XIV called the Sun King?
Who believed one of governments main roles is to protect the natural rights of the people
John Locke
Who came up with the heliocentric theory that the sun is the center of the universe?
Copernicus
Describe the reason Americans declared independence from Great Britain?
No taxation without representation
What was the period of time called during the French Revolution where thousands of people suspected of being traitors were executed?
Reign of Terror
What is the belief that a monarch’s authority to rule came directly from God called?
Divine Right
Who said there should be a separation of power within a government (Three branches of government)?
Montesquieu
Who is credited with discovering gravity and the laws of motion
Newton
What document used enlightenment ideas as justification for America breaking away from Great Britain?
Declaration of Independence
What new form of execution was invented during the French Revolution?
Guillotine
Name three aspects of absolutism
One Ruler, Divine Right, All the power
Who fought for women's rights, specifically education?
Mary Wollstonecraft
Who is credited with the foundation of the scientific method
Bacon
General of Continental Army
George Washington
What king was executed during the French Revolution, ending the French Monarchy
Louis XVI
What Russian leader modernized the country by modeling it after Western European countries by enforcing modern dress and customs and altering Russia’s calendar to match Europe’s?
Peter the Great
What are the three natural rights guaranteed to people according to Locke?
Life, Liberty, Property
Who is credited with establishing and spreading ideas about freedom of expression, specifically freedom of speech against the government
Voltaire
Winter where Continental troops struggled through harsh conditions
Valley Forge
Who was the lawyer and politician who went on to be both the leader of the Terror and its last victim?
Robespierre