Ancient Influences
This ancient Greek city-state developed a form of direct democracy in which citizens participated directly in government.
Athens
This 1215 English document limited the king's power and established that the monarch was subject to the law.
What is the Magna Carta?
This war between Britain and France in North America left Britain deeply in debt and contributed to new taxes on the American colonies.
What is the French and Indian War?
This author is most closely associated with writing the Declaration of Independence.
Thomas Jefferson?
This first national government of the United States created a weak central government and eventually failed.
Articles of Confederation
In this type of democracy, citizens vote directly on laws and government decisions rather than electing representatives to make those decisions for them.
What is direct democracy?
This 1689 English document protected certain rights and placed further limits on the power of the monarch.
What is the English Bill of Rights?
Colonists used this phrase to argue that Parliament should not tax them because they had no elected representatives in Parliament.
"No taxation without representation"?
The Declaration states that people possess these rights, including life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
unalienable/natural rights
This 1787 meeting was originally called to address problems with the Articles of Confederation but ultimately resulted in a new Constitution.
Constitutional Convention
The Roman Republic used this type of government, in which citizens elected representatives to make decisions on their behalf.
What is a republic/representative government?
This English philosopher argued that people have natural rights to life, liberty, and property.
Who is John Locke?
This 1773 protest involved colonists throwing British tea into Boston Harbor.
Boston Tea Party?
According to the Declaration, governments derive their legitimate power from this source.
consent of the governed/ the people/ popular sovereignty
This compromise created a two-house Congress with representation based on population in one house and equal representation for each state in the other.
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Bonus: accept or don't accept
What were the names of the proposed plans?
Great Compromise
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Virginia Plan
New Jersey Plan
The Roman Republic's government was divided among different institutions, including the Senate, assemblies, and elected officials, demonstrating this principle of government.
What is separation/distribution of powers?
Locke's theory that government exists because people agree to give it authority is known by this term.
What is the social contract?
These 1774 laws, called the Intolerable Acts by colonists, punished Massachusetts for the Boston Tea Party and increased tensions with Britain.
Intolerable Acts?
The Declaration argues that when a government repeatedly violates people's rights, the people have this right.
the right to alter or abolish the government
Federalists generally supported ratification of the Constitution because they believed the United States needed this.
stronger national/federal government
The Judeo-Christian tradition contributed to democratic ideas by emphasizing that all people possess this kind of value and moral worth.
human dignity/equality
This French Enlightenment thinker argued that government power should be divided among separate branches to prevent tyranny.
Who is Baron de Montesquieu?
In Common Sense, Thomas Paine argued that the colonies should do this rather than remain under British rule.
declare independence from Britain/form an independent republic
This section of the Declaration lists specific complaints against King George III to demonstrate that Britain had violated the colonists' rights.
grievances
Anti-Federalists opposed or criticized the Constitution primarily because they feared what?
the national/federal government could become too powerful and threaten individual liberties.