4.1 / 4.2
Define self-determination?
The right or desire of a nation or group of people to govern themselves.
Define neocolonialism.
The use of political, cultural, or economic power to influence or control other countries.
Define gerrymandering
Gerrymandering is the political tactic of redistricting electoral boundaries to benefit certain political parties/groups
If a federal government is where power is shared among central regional and local governments, what is a unitary government
Government where power is located centrally (purpose of regional and local units is to carry out the policy from the central place)
Define sovereignty
A state has the authority to govern itself and make decisions within its territory without interference from any other nation.
Explain the difference between a multi-state nation and a multinational state.
A multi-state nation is a nation residing in multiple states, a multinational state is a single state with multiple nations within its borders.
Explain why the border between the U.S. and Canada and the border between the U.S. and Mexico are different.
The U.S. and Canada have a geometric boundary, while the U.S. and Mexico have a natural boundary in the Rio Grande.
What is a census used for?
To determine funding for federal and state planning, making/maintaining infrastructure, and providing services.
Identify one positive to a federal government
Local issues are resolved more quickly by the local governments and there is less conflict because different states have some different laws
Identify 2 challenges to state sovereignty
Devolution, advancements in communication technology, supranational organizations
Explain how African states were created.
Cartographers from Europe created boundaries that disregarded the local population.
Identify: The Strait of Hormuz and the Strait of Malacca are both examples of what?
Choke points
Identify one requirement for voting districts.
Needs to have similar population numbers, contiguous, compact.
Identify one positive to unitary government
Sense of unity, change happens more swiftly, efficiency in creating and implementing laws
Identify one result each from centrifugal and centripetal forces
Centrifugal: failed states, uneven development, stateless nations or separatist movement
Centripetal: ethnonationalism, infrastructure development, cultural unity
Identify one of the city-states in the world.
Only three are recognized: Monaco, Singapore, and Vatican City.
Identify the type of boundaries that were created after the collapse of Yugoslavia
Consequent boundaries
Explain what the “nine-dash line”
The “nine-dash line" refers to a demarcation line used by China to assert its claims over vast portions of the South China Sea which has been disputed by many other nations.
Identify one negative factor from both federal and unitary governments
Federal: slow to implement change and conflicts between all governments (local, state, national) can cause conflicts.
unitary: central government is not in touch with local issues and corruption is most likely to happen
What is the difference between centrifugal and centripetal forces
Centripetal forces unify a country and provide stability while centrifugal forces divide a country and instability, conflict, and violence are created.
Explain how English became a lingua franca.
Through the effects of the British Empire’s influence from colonialism and imperialism in the 18th and 19th century.
Explain why Antarctica is considered a frontier.
A frontier is a zone where no state exercises complete political control and is usually uninhabited or sparsely inhabited. Currently, no state or nation has claimed or largely inhabited Antarctica.
Identify how many nautical miles the EEZ (Exclusive Economic Zone) extends beyond a nation’s waters?
200 nautical miles
Devolution is a transfer of power from the central government to smaller governments (regional or local). What are some factors that lead to it? Identify at least 3
Physical geography, ethnic separatism, ethnic cleansing, terrorism, economic/social problems, irredentism
Define a supranational organization and give 3 examples
Three or more states in an alliance to work together towards common goals. United Nations, NATO, ASEAN, The Arctic Council, The African Union, OPEC