Lesson 1
Name the Compositional layers of Earth.
Crust, mantle, and core
What is a crack in the Earth's crust called?
Fault
When tectonic plates move away from each other what is created?
Great valleys called rifts
When did a series of volcanic explosions and pyroclastic flows begin at Mount St. Helens?
March 1980
What is the outermost layer of Earth called?
The crust
The thick layer of rock between Earth's crust and core.
Mantle
Name the Structural layer of Earth.
Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mesosphere, Outer Core, Inner Core
What type of fault causes two blocks of rock to slide horizontally?
Strike-Slip Fault
Name two common features found at divergent boundaries.
Normal faults
Valleys formed from block drops
Long narrow lakes filling the valleys
Volcanoes
Domes
Why do fault zones form at plate boundaries?
Intense stresses
What is 237 x 15?
3,555
A break in a body of rock along which one block slides relative to another.
Fault
What is the Lower Boundary of Crust called?
Mohorovicic discontinuity (Moho)
Block of rock that lies above the fault
Hanging Wall
Give an example of a Continent-Continent plate collision.
Himalayas
Underwater, cone-shaped mountains
Seamount
When is Earth Day? (Hint: It is in April)
April 22
The point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's starting point.
Epicenter
What effect does Earth’s interior have on p-waves and s-waves?
Speed and direction
Point on Earth’s surface above the earthquake's starting point (focus)
Epicenter
The sideways and downward movement of the edge of a plate of the earth's crust into the mantle beneath another plate.
Subduction
Volcanic activity in the middle of a tectonic plate
Hot Spot
What came first, the chicken or the egg?
Dinosaurs laid eggs much before the evolution of chicken, so the egg came first.
The seafloor that is located between dry land and the deep ocean crust.
Continental Margin
Which of the following contributes MOST to Earth’s magnetic field?
Earth’s Core
Where do most volcanoes tend to occur?
Along the plate boundaries
Chain of volcanoes, hundreds to thousands of miles long, that forms above a subduction zone.
Continental Arc Volcanism
How many times greater was the eruption of Mount Tambora compared to the eruption of Mount Saint Helens?
100 times greater
What is your teacher's first and last name? Must spell correctly.
Catherine Hodgkins
The boundary between tectonic plates that are moving toward each other.
Convergent Boundrary
Is a mineral that forms under high-pressure conditions more likely to form nearer to Earth’s surface or its core?
Near Earth's core
Will the monitoring station register P-waves or S-waves from the earthquake first?
P-waves
Name the 4 things that transform motion can result in.
Shallow earthquakes
Large lateral displacement of rock
A broad zone of crustal deformation
Volcanic activity
Name three types of damage caused by earthquakes?
Fire
Landslides
Tsunamis
What's Johnny Depp Afraid Of?
Clowns
An elastic wave or packet of energy produced by an earthquake.
Seismic Wave