Types of Political Entities
Types of Boundaries
Shapes of States
Vocabulary
Vocabulary 2.0
Supranational Organizations
Random
Heartland Theory
75
A group of people who share common cultural characteristics
Example: United States (an American)
Nation
75
Not all boundaries are created with concern for physical or cultural differences. _____________boundaries are drawn using straight lines.
Examples: Border between U.S. and Canada - 49 parallel
Geometric Boundary
75
Elongated
75
Organization of three or more states to promote shared objectives
supranational organizations
75
A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country
Nationalism
75
Helping to promote stability and development in Africa – Encourages democratic governance – Increased cooperation and communication • Building of Infrastructure – Increase living standard of all
African Union
75
Process of redrawing legislative boundaries for the purpose of benefiting the party in power.
gerrymandering
75
Hypothesis that any political power based in the heart of Eurasia (EASTERN EUROPE) could gain enough strength to eventually dominate the world.
Heartland Theory
100
A territory with defined boundaries, population, government, sovereignty, and recognition.
State
100
A ___________ boundary is one that no longer functions but can still be detected on the cultural landscape
Example: Berlin Wall
Relic Boundary
100
Compact
100
Process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities
Balkanization
100
Ability of a state to govern its territory free from control of its internal affairs by other states.
Sovereignty
100
Formed in 1993 to reduce trade barriers and increase cooperation and unity between members
• Monetary Union allowing for free flow of people and goods
– Single currency
– Very few restrictions on movement of people
EU (European Union)
100
Name all 5 countries that are permanent member of the UN security council
United States, China, Russia, UK, France
100
Who created the Heartland theory?
Mackinder
125
A shared cultural group living in their own country
Example: Japan, Iceland
Nation-State
125
_____________ boundaries existed before the present settlement. These are often based on landforms, such as mountains.
Example: Andes Mountains, Rio Grande River
Antecedent Boundary
125
Prorupted
125
An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state
Centripetal Force
125
government systems that divide the powers between the national government and state or provincial governments
Federal System
125
Cooperative organization trying to provide financial stability – Help the expansion of international trade – Promote high levels of employment – To promote exchange stability
IMF (Internation Monetary Fund)
125
Exclusive economic zone extends ________ miles from land; a conflict between many countries over the exclusive economic zone is currently happening in the ___________________ Sea
200; South China
125
What continents made up the "world island"
Europe, Asia, Africa
150
When a cultural group lacks sovereignty and a country of their own
& name 2 groups that fall into this definition
Stateless Nation
Kurds & Palestine
150
_________________boundaries are drawn on an area by a conquering or colonizing power that ignores existing cultural patterns.
Example: Berlin Conference created these boundaries
Superimposed Boundaries
150
Fragmented
150
a force that divides people and countries
Centrifugal Force
150
A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially, and economically.
Imperialism
150
Coordination of oil production to ensure the stability of the market
– Promotes economic and regular supply of oil to customers
– Ensures a steady income to producers
– Promotes fair return on investments
OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)
150
Which two countries held the most land in Africa because of imperialism (they both created the most superimposed boundaries)
France and UK
150
What continents made up the "outer islands"
North America, South America, Australia
175
When two or more cultural groups live in a country
Example: Former Yugoslavia
Multinational State
175
______________ boundaries are established after the settlement in an area. It changes as the cultural landscape changes and is drawn to accommodate developments due to a certain event, such as a war.
Example: Former Yugoslavia
Subsequent Boundaries
175
Perforated
175
disagreements over the control or use of shared resources, such as boundary rivers or jointly claimed fishing grounds or oil
Allocation Disputes
175
disagreements between neighboring states over policies to be applied to their common border; often induced by differing customs regulations, movement of nomadic groups, or illegal immigration or emigration.
Operational Disputes
175
Created in 1949 to provide mutual protection to members
– Originally meant to counter threat of Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact
(NATO) North Atlantic Treaty Organization
175
The Falkland Island dispute was between which two countries (states) AND which country currently controls the Falkland Islands?
Argentina and UK; UK
175
Identify the two categories that the World-Island is made of?
Heartland and Rimland
200
When a cultural group lives in a few different countries
Example: North and South Korea
Multistate Nation
200
_____________ boundaries are drawn in order to separate groups based on ethnic, linguistic, religious, or economic differences.
Example: India separated because of different religious group in the country (Hindu and Muslim)
Consequent Boundaries
200
Prorupted
200
A state in which most political power exists at the national level (highly centralized), with limited local authority
Unitary System
200
the drawing of new electoral district boundary lines in response to population changes and how often does this take place
redistricting & 10 years
200
Promotes trade cooperation between Canada, Mexico, and the United States
– Removal of some tariffs
– Has increased trade among the three
(NAFTA) North America Free Trade Association
200
Which TWO African nations managed to resist colonization?
Ethiopia & Liberia
200
What military leader used the Heartland theory as part of his military strategy?
Hitler