People
Best known for his Social Learning Theory
Who is Albert Bandura
This is an extension of the term, insight which was identified by Wolfgang Köhler while studying the behavior of chimpanzees.
What is Insight Learning
A type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events; learning is involuntary and automatic
What is Classical Conditioning
The gradual weakening of a conditioned response tendence
What is Extinction
the mind develops a resistance towards a certain food. In simpler terms, eating certain types of food can cause a bad reaction.
What is Taste Aversion
Best know for his work describing classical conditioning
Who is Ivan Pavlov
Learning becomes obvious only once reinforcement is given for demonstrating it; Tolman used rats in a maze that were reinforced halfway through - performance improved
What is Latent Learning
A type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher; learn through your own actions
Operant Conditioning
occurs when an organism responds to new stimuli besides the original stimulus
What is Generalization
is the product of a reinforcer or punisher (operant conditioning) occurring shortly after an unrelated behavior.
What is Superstitious Behavior
Best known for his work on learning theory
Who is Edward Thorndike
The process of acquiring information by observing others. Learning to tie your shoe by observing another individual perform the task would be an example of observational learning.
What is Observational/ Social Learning Theory
brings about response w/o needing to be learned
What is an Unconditioned Stimulus
Occurs when an organism does not respond to other stimuli that resemble the original stimulus.
What is Discrimination
A type of behavioral therapy in which the principles of Operant Conditioning (reinforcement, punishments, etc.) are used to eliminate some types of unwanted, maladaptive, behavior.
What is Behavior Modification
Best known for his theory on Latent Learning
Who is Edward Tolman
Process of learning the response pairing
What is Acquisition
A stimulus that does not initially elicit a response
What is Neutral Stimulus
reinforcing behaviors that are intrinsically motivating causes you to stop doing them (give a child 5$ for reading when they already like to read – they stop reading)
A method of behavior modification that uses principles of operant conditioning to change a maladaptive behavior. With this method, a person is presented with visual or auditory information about some internal, involuntary process.
What is Biofeedback
Best known for his work with Conditioned Tate Aversion
Who is John Garcia
When an organism (person, animal, etc.) is prevented from avoiding some aversive stimulus repeatedly (e.g., continuous electric shocks) the organism will reach a state in which it becomes passive and depressed because he believes that there are no actions it can take to avoid the aversive stimulus.
What is Learned Helplessness
classical conditioning that involves cognitive processes
What is Contingency Model
High probability activities reinforce low probability activities (get extra min at recess if you everyone turns in their HW)
What is Premack Principle
is the perception of where control over life events resides
What is Locus of Conrtol