Ch 13: Brain Cranial Nerves
The meninges from innermost to outermost:
Pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater.
Name two structures of the epithalamus.
The Pineal gland, and Habenular nuclei
What part of the spinal cord can Gray matter lateral horns be found?
Thoracic
What do Posterior Rami innervate?
Skin and Muscles of the back.
Another name for the Plantar Reflex, where toes normally curl downward?
Babinski Reflex
What are the 3 parts of the Brainstem, and the 3 parts of the Diencephalon?
Brainstem: Medulla Oblongata, Pons, and Midbrain
Diencephalon: Thalamus, Hypothalamus, and Epithalamus
The Limbic system is made of these 3 structures:
Hippocampus; Amygdala, Olfactory Bulb
The Anterior part of the spinal cord has Autonomic and Somatic _________ nuclei and neurons
Motor
Where in the Spinal Cord is the Integration Center for Spinal Reflexes located?
Gray Brain Matter
Which brain structure fine-tunes skeletal movements, predicts sequences of events, and is the 1st to be affected by alcohol?
Cerebellum
Name 2 functions of Cerebral Spinal Fluid.
Options: Buoyancy, Mechanical Protection, Circulation of Nutrients and Removes Waste.
Broca's Area is for ___________ of words, while Wernicke's Area is for the __________ of words.
Production/making/speech production; Interpretation
What is the name of the inferior end of the spinal cord, where the nerves start to taper off?
Conus Medullaris
What word does this definition correspond to: Automatic response to a change in the environment.
Reflex
What extension of the Dura Mater separates the 2 cerebellar hemispheres?
Falx Cerebelli
What Cranial Nerve is known as the largest, and has 3 branches called: ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular?
CN V Trigeminal Nerve
This Cranial Nerve only has motor function, and controls muscles of the tongue during speech and swallowing.
CN XII Hypoglossal
In which spinal nerve group can the Sciatic Nerve be found?
Sacral Plexus
What is the term for damage of the spinal cord?
Transection
Which brain structure of the brain is known as the "relay station" for sensory information, as it filters the information and sends it to the cortex?
Thalamus
This Cranial Nerve is Mixed, and it innervates the Stylopharyngeus muscle, which helps lift the throat during swallowing.
CN IX Glossopharyngeal Nerve
What specific structure of the brainstem produces dopamine?
Substantia Nigra of the Midbrain
What is the main difference between a Monosynaptic reflex and a Polysynaptic reflex?
Monosynaptic is the direct communication between the sensory and motor neuron, while Polysynaptic reflex involves an interneuron as a middle man for the communication.
What are the 4 types of neurons that typically compose a spinal nerve?
Somatic Sensory Neuron; Visceral Sensory neuron; Autonomic Motor neuron; Somatic Motor neurons
A spinal tap (Lumbar Puncture) is inserted where in the spinal cors?
In the subarachnoid space. What is also located in there?