Cell Cycle
What are the two main phases of the cell cycle
Interphase and Cell Division
(Not dividing and dividing)
DNA is made up of smaller parts called...
Nucleotides (+100 if you can name the 3 parts of a nucleotide)
Transcription helps create ______ from ______
RNA from DNA
Translation creates ______ from ________
Amino acids from RNA
The mutation UUU -> UUG Changes the amino acid from phenylalanine to
Leucine
What are the phases of mitosis in order?
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
What are the base pairs in DNA and RNA
A-T (A-U in RNA)
C-G
What is the complimentary mRNA strand to:
TAC - GGC - CAG - GGG
AUG - CCG - GUC - CCC
A mutation that does not cause a change in amino acid is called a _____ mutation
Silent
The cell spends most of its time in what phase...
Interphase
Explain what happens in each phase of interphase
G1- Regular growth
S- DNA replication
G2- Cell doubles in size and organelles duplicate
List 3 differences between DNA and RNA
- Single vs double stranded
- U vs T
- Ability to self replicate
Where does transcription occur
In the nucleus
What is the start codon and what amino acid does it code for?
AUG - MET
DNA condenses into ________ that line up in the middle of the cell during metaphase
Chromosomes
32!
List the 2 enzymes that are important to DNA replication and state their function
Helicase- Unwinds DNA
DNA Polymerase - Adds complimentary base pairs to each new strand
What are the 3 different kinds of RNA and what are thier roles?
mRNA - messenger, goes to the ribosome to be transcribed
rRNA - ribosomal, helps combine amino acid chain
tRNA - transfer, has anticodons and codes for the correct amino acids
If a mutation causes a stop codon before it is necessary, what happens to the protein
It becomes non-functional
Ribosomes
Explain the role of spindle fibers in mitosis
Spindle fibers attach to chromosomes to separate them evenly into each daughter cell during anaphase
Where is DNA stored and why does it need to be transcribed into RNA
DNA is stored in the nucleus and needs to be transcribed because RNA is smaller and can leave the nucleus to go to the ribosome to create a protein
RNA Polymerase,
no it needs a DNA template strand
AUG - CUU - UAC - UAA
Met - Leu - Tyr - Stop
What does Ms. Wheeler's first name mean in Gaelic?
Ireland!
(+100 if you know what Erin Go Bragh means!)