Interaction function in humans
True or False: The interaction function is carried out through three processes: perceiving stimuli, analysing information and generating responses, and executing responses.
True
What is the other name for smell receptors?
Olfactory cells
True or False: The central nervous system is divided into two parts: autonomic and somatic.
False (it's the peripheral nervous system)
Which sense sends messages to our brain regarding balance?
Hearing
What is an example of an effector organ?
a) muscles
b) glands
c) muscles and glands
d) none of the above
c) muscles and glands
What is the most sensitive part of the body?
a) fingertips
b) soles of the feet
c) palms of the hands
d) tip of the tongue
e) all of the above
f) none of the above
e) all of the above
Why does the cerebral cortex have folds?
to increase the surface area
What are the four types of receptors found on the tongue?
Sweet, salty, sour and bitter
Fill in the blank: The nervous system is made up of a network of organs, such as the ________ and ______ ______, which send responses to the effector organs in the form of ______ impulses.
encephalon, spinal cord, nerve
Describe the three layers of the eyeball
1) sclera --> outer layer, white (except for front part called the cornea), external membrane protects the cornea
2) choroid --> intermediate layer, front part forms the iris which has a central orifice called the pupil. Behind this is the lenses which focuses images on retina
3) Retina --> internal layer and contains the photoreceptors (rods and cones)
Explain the path a nerve impulse makes from one neuron to the next
starts at the cell body, then travels through the axon, to the axon terminal, through the synapse to the next neuron's dendrites which receive message
Give 3 examples of pre-learnt voluntary movements
walking, writing, playing an instrument, etc.
Glands: Explain how the salivary and gastric glands work
They release saliva and juice respectively in responses to the presence, or even smell, of food
What are papillae? And where can we find them?
They are bumps that are located on the tongue and also can be found on the palate and the pharynx
What are the main parts of the brainstem and what is its purpose?
Medulla, pons, midbrain
links the encephalon to the spinal cord and controls a range of involuntary functions
What are the two types of receptors for perception? Explain the differences between the two
Internal receptors --> perceive changes inside the body. They are spread all around the body and inform us of its general state. Ex: Hunger, thirst, pain
External/sensory receptors --> perceive stimuli from the external environment. They are classified according to the type of stimulus
Explain how the endocrine system works in your own words
Endocrine system made up of a network of organs called endocrine glands, such as the pancreas or thyroid. They send responses to the effector organs through the blood in the form of chemical substances called hormones, which are synthesized by the same glands.
Sound waves enter thru the ear canal, go towards ear drum which starts to vibrate, vibration is transmitted through the ossicles towards the liquid inside the cochlea, the auditory hair cells have cilia which detect the vibrations and transmit them through the auditory nerve towards the brain where they are transformed into sounds
List out at least 3 functions of glial cells
-balance chemicals
-maintain blood/brain barrier
-make myelin
-produce cerebrospinal fluid
-immune function
List 2 activities that you have already completed today that relate to the sympathetic nervous system and 2 activities that relate to the parasympathetic nervous system
Various