Colonization of Americas
What two European countries signed the Treaty of Tordesillas to divide the New World?
Spain and Portugal
What was one major cause of population decline among indigenous people after European arrival?
Disease
Why did Europeans begin using enslaved Africans in the New World?
To replace indigenous people who died from disease
Which two languages are most commonly spoken in Latin America?
Spanish and Portuguese
Which country once colonized Australia and Canada?
England/United Kingdom
What major reason did Spain and Portugal colonize Latin America?
To gain wealth and spread Christianity
How did European colonization affect the Aboriginal people of Australia?
Many died from disease and were displaced
What was a major factor that kept colonial industries going in the Americas?
Enslaved African labor
What colonial powers influenced language in Latin America?
Spain and Portugal
What type of government do Australia and Canada have today?
Parliamentary democracy
What modern country speaks Portuguese because of colonization?
Brazil
Why did Aboriginal Australians have such high death rates after European contact?
No immunity to diseases
What happened to the transatlantic slave trade after disease spread among Native Americans?
It increased
What region of the world was mostly colonized by Spain, based on a map of Latin America?
most of South America
In a parliamentary democracy, who is usually the head of government?
The Prime Minister
What happened to the Aztec Empire after the Spanish arrived?
They were conquered and colonized
What happened to the languages and religions of indigenous Australians after colonization?
Replaced by European ones
What is one crop that contributed to the rise of slavery in the New World?
Sugarcane
What is the major religion in Latin America due to colonization?
Roman Catholicism
Who chooses the Prime Minister in a parliamentary democracy?
Parliament/members of the legislative branch
What did Pizarro do after capturing the Inca leader Atahualpa, even after receiving gold and silver?
He executed him
What two effects did large plantations have on indigenous populations and African slaves?
- Decline of indigenous populations
- Rise in slave labor
What was a long-term economic effect of plantations in the Americas?
Helped fuel European economies through trade
How did colonization change the culture of Latin America?
Language, religion, and traditions shifted to European ones
Name 2 characteristics of a parliamentary democracy.
- Prime Minister is head of government
- citizens vote for Parliament