The European Age of Exploration Begins
What is Portugal?
This Portuguese leader never participated in any maritime expeditions himself, but did help fund many, in addition to creating a school of navigation to train future sailors and explorers.
Who is Prince Henry the Navigator?
This was the most profitable cash crop grown in the Americas as a result of the Columbian Exchange. It was grown in plantations relying on slave labor, in Brazil and the Caribbean.
What is sugar?
This was developed to provide a steady stream of cheap labor to American plantations, after the indigenous population was debilitated by disease.
What is the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade?
What is Spain?
This was the main commodity that the Portuguese and other Europeans wanted direct access to in the IOTN.
What are spices?
This Portuguese sailor was the first to sail around the tip of Africa, which is called the Cape of Good Hope.
Who is Bartolomeu Dias?
This disease, brought from Europe to the Americas, had a devastating impact on the indigenous population.
What is small pox?
This entity was granted a monopoly by the Dutch government to trade in spices, silk, and other valuable goods. It could wage war, sign treaties, and establish colonies on behalf of the Dutch government and became one of the most valuable corporations of all time.
What is the Dutch East India Company?
The Dutch public became obsessed with this product, causes a speculative boom and bust during the 17th century.
What are tulips?
This type of ship was used by the Portuguese in their early expeditions. It is distinctive because of its lateen sails.
What is the caravel?
This Portuguese sailor was the first to reach India, and begin establishing a Trading Post Empire in the IOTN.
Who is Vasco da Gama?
The wiping out of as much of 90% of the indigenous population of the Americas, as a result of violence and disease is known as this.
What is the "Great Dying"?
This refers to the trip between Africa and the Americas that approximately 15 million people were forced to undergo during this time period.
What is the Middle Passage?
This syncretic religion is a combination of African and Catholic beliefs and began in Haiti (then the colony of St. Domingue).
What is Vodun (or Voodoo)?
The Portuguese used gunpowder weapons to build a trading post empire in the IOTN. This was the name of the pass they made ships purchase to pass through their territory.
What is a cartaz?
This Spanish pig farmer conquered the Aztec Empire and founded New Spain in 1521.
Who is Hernán Cortés?
This starchy crop led to a population boom when it was brought from the Americas to Europe as a result of the Columbian Exchange.
What is the potato?
This was a rigid social hierarchy used in Spanish colonial Latin America to classify people based on their racial ancestry.
What is the Castas System?
This group of people were given political positions in New Spain. They were of full Spanish descent and were born in Spain.
Who are the Peninsulares?
This agreement was brokered by the Pope and split territory between the Catholic powers of Spain and Portugal. Spain mainly got the western hemisphere, with the exception of Brazil and Portugal mainly got the eastern hemisphere, with the exception of the Philippines.
What is the Treaty of Tordesillas?
This sailor is credited with being the first to circumnavigate the globe and claimed the Philippines for Spain.
Who is Ferdinand Magellan?
At one point, 90% of the world's silver supply came from this one mine in what is now Bolivia.
What is Potosí?
The goal of this economic system was for a nation to increase its wealth and power by controlling trade, accumulating precious metals, and maintaining a favorable balance of exports over imports. Colonies were often used as sources of raw materials and markets for the mother country's goods.
What is mercantilism?
What is candomblé?