Civil War
What strategy called for blockading Southern ports and gaining control of the Mississippi River to weaken the Confederacy?
Anaconda Plan
What federal agency provided food, education, medical assistance, and other services to formerly enslaved people?
Freedmen's Bureau
What derogatory term described Northerners who moved to the South during Reconstruction?
Carpet Baggers
Which Reconstruction Amendment formally abolished slavery throughout the United States?
13th
Which Union general accepted Robert E. Lee's surrender at Appomattox Court House?
Ulysses S. Grant
What 1861 event marked the beginning of armed conflict between the Union and Confederacy?
Fort Sumter
What Southern laws attempted to restrict the economic and social freedoms of formerly enslaved African Americans?
Black Codes
What derogatory term described white Southern Republicans who supported Reconstruction?
Scalawags
Which amendment prohibited states from denying voting rights based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude?
15th
What term describes the pre-Civil War idea that residents of a territory should decide whether slavery would be permitted there?
Popular sovereignty
What 1863 document changed the purpose of the war by making the abolition of slavery a Union war goal?
The Emancipation Proclamation
Which group in Congress supported stronger federal protections for formerly enslaved people and stricter requirements for Southern states?
Radical Republicans
What agricultural system often trapped formerly enslaved families in cycles of debt after the Civil War?
Sharecropping
Which amendment established birthright citizenship and equal protection under the law?
14th
What Supreme Court decision ruled that African Americans were not U.S. citizens and that Congress could not prohibit slavery in the territories?
Dred Scott V. Sanford
What three-day battle in Pennsylvania became a major turning point of the Civil War?
The Battle of Gettysburg
Why did Radical Republicans oppose President Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction policies?
They believed his policies were too lenient toward former Confederate states and did not adequately protect freedpeople
What organization used violence and intimidation to suppress African American political participation during Reconstruction?
Ku Klux Klan
Which clause of the 14th Amendment became an important constitutional basis for challenging discriminatory state laws?
Equal Protection Clause
What congressional legislation passed before the Civil War allowed California to enter as a free state but strengthened the Fugitive Slave Act?
Compromise of 1850
What Confederate general surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House in 1865?
Robert E. Lee
What Reconstruction legislation divided the former Confederacy into five military districts and established requirements for readmission to the Union?
Reconstruction Acts of 1867 / Military Reconstruction Act
What political agreement resolved the disputed presidential election of 1876 and contributed to the withdrawal of federal troops from the South?
Compromise of 1877
Despite the 15th Amendment, name two methods Southern states later used to restrict African American voting rights (Name Three)
Poll taxes, literacy tests, grandfather clauses, intimidation, etc.
What 1854 law repealed the Missouri Compromise's restriction on slavery and allowed settlers in two territories to decide the slavery question through popular sovereignty?
Kansas-Nebraska Act