Scientific Revolution
This model of the universe places the Sun at the center, with Earth and the other planets revolving around it
Heliocentric Model
The Enlightenment
What is the term for refusing to buy goods as a form of protest against a government or business?
What is a boycott
What is the term for a system of government in which a monarch holds nearly all political power?
What is Absolutism
What does the term Coalition mean in the context of warfare?
This Polish astronomer challenge the traditional Earth-centered model by proposing that Earth and other planets revolve around the sun
Nicolaus Copernicus
This Enlightenment thinker argued for a separation of powers to prevent tyranny.
Who was Montesquieu
What path did members of the Third Estate take in 1789, promising not to separate until France had a constitution?
What was the Tennis Court Oath
What was the belief that kings received their authority directly from God and were therefore accountable to God rather than the people?
What is Divine Right of Kings (DIVINE RIGHT)
What was the name of Napoleon's set of laws that established legal equality for men, protected property rights, and spread Enlightened Ideas?
What was the Napoleonic Code
This systematic process involves making observations, forming a hypothesis, conducting experiments, and analyzing results to test explanations about the natural world.
Scientific Method
This Enlightenment thinker argued for women's education and equal rights.
Who was Mary Wollstonecraft
How did the French and Indian War and American Revolutionary War worsen France's Financial crisis? What did it ultimately result to in France?
France spent a ton of money in wars it could not afford, spiraling the country more and more into debt.
It ultimately resulted into France breaking into a Revolution.
Who was King Louis XIV know as?
The Sun King
What happened to Napoleon's army when he invaded Russia in 1812, and how did it weaken his empire?
Napoleon's army suffered from enormous losses from starvation, disease, the harsh winter, and Russian resistance, leaving his empire vulnerable to its enemies.
(Paraphrased)
Name two inventions or scientific instruments developed or improved during the Scientific Revolution.
Microscope & Barometer/Thermometer.
What is the difference between Thomas Hobbes and John Locke based on their views on government?
Hobbes believed in a strong, powerful ruler or sovereign.
Locke believed with limited power that represents the people.
Name one thing that the French and American Revolutions had in common.
Name one thing that is different between the French and American Revolutions
Both revolutions were influenced by Enlightenment ideas of John Locke (Natural Rights, Freedom, and Government by the People).
OR
- Both the American and French Revolutions challenged governments that people believed were unfair and demanded greater political rights.
The American Rev. was fought to gain independence from Great Britain, while the French Revolution aimed to overthrow France's monarchy
OR
American Rev. resulted in a stable republic while French Rev. resulted in chaos/not stable gov.
This large estate was built by Louis XIV to distance himself and future kings from the peasants of Paris.
What is the Palace of Versailles
How did Latin American Countries become independent during the Napoleonic Wars?
After the occupation of Spain by France, South American colonies broke free (did not see French puppet state in Spain as legitimate)
The shift toward using observation, experimentation, evidence, and reason to test ideas and explain the natural world rather than relying on what was told (could be paraphrased).
How did John Locke influence the Declaration of Independence and the founding principles of the American government?
AT LEAST ONE OF THESE
Locke believed that people have natural rights and that the government gets its power from the people.
Locke supported the belief that people have the right to replace a government that does not protect their rights.
Life, Liberty, Pursuit of Happiness.
What is the main difference between an absolute monarchy and a constitutional monarchy?
The absolute monarch holds nearly unlimited power, while a constitutional monarch's power is limited by laws, parliament, or a constitution.
After Napoleon's defeat, what was the Congress of Vienna?
A meeting of European leaders that aimed to restore stability, redraw borders, and maintain a balance of power in Europe. <--- Key concept.