The Digestive System
An example of a digestive enzyme and its function.
What is amylase, pepsinogen/pepsin, lactose
The two locations where gas exchange occurs in the body
What are the lungs and the body cells
This cluster of cells in the right atrium acts like a pacemaker, setting the normal rhythm of the heartbeat.
What is the sinoatrial (SA) node.
This flap of cartilage protects you from choking when you eat and acts as a natural barricade between the respiratory and digestive systems
What is the epiglottis
Name one flaw of Ms. Gravina's lung demo, that makes it inaccurate compared to real human lungs (water bottle and balloon)
Intercostal muscles contract/relax and expand/retract the volume of the ribcage during inhalation/exhalation and there is only one lung in the demo, there are no bronchi, alveoli or trachea.
The name of the wave-like contractions that take place in the esophagus and small and large intestines
What is peristalsis
The membrane that covers the outer surface of the lungs
Three things that make up the cellular component of blood.
What are erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets
Oxygen and carbon dioxide are able to pass between the respiratory system and the circulatory system by the process of __________.
What is diffusion
This occurs when air leaks into the space between the lung and chest wall (pleura). The air pushes on the outside of the lung and makes it collapse.
What is a pneumothorax
The name of one sphincter that controls the movement of food into or out of the stomach
What is the gastroesophageal sphincter or pyloric sphincter
The majority of CO2 that travels in the bloodstream combines with water in the plasma to form this substance.
What is carbonic acid
The protein-rich liquid in which blood cells and platelets are suspended
What is plasma
In the microvilli of the small intestine, lacteals absorb these nutrients into the lymphatic system
True or False: The right side of the heart receives the blood from the pulmonary circuit and pumps it out through the systemic circuit.
What is False!
The layer of the stomach responsible for the secretion of gastric juices
What is the mucosa
During a normal inhalation, the volume of the lung _____, while the pressure ______.
What is increases and decreases.
The name of the blood vessels that return oxygenated blood to the heart from the lungs.
What are pulmonary veins
3 types of nutrients absorbed into the capillary network of the microvilli in the small intestine
What are monosaccharides, amino acids and water soluble minerals
If a person wants to donate blood and they have an A- blood type, what blood types can receive their blood?
Two functions of bile in the digestive system
what are neutralizing chyme and emulsifying/breaking down fats in the duodenum
The total volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximal inhalation
What is Vital Capacity (VC = TV + IRV + ERV)
The period of contraction and emptying of the heart
What is systole
Name the process by which cells use the oxygen inhaled to break down glucose to release energy and carbon dioxide
cellular respiration
What organ regulates the body's breathing and heart rate and how does it work?
What is the medulla oblongata.