Key concepts
suggests that individuals tend to attribute their successes to internal factors and failures to external factors
Self serving bias
refers to the tendency for people to perform better on simple tasks and worse on complex tasks when in the presence of others
Social facilitation
Maslow's hierarchy of needs, focus on the inherent drive toward personal growth and self-actualization
Humanistic theory
collect data from the same participants over an extended period
Longitudinal studies
Ericskons 8 stages
refers to the tendency to overemphasize dispositional factors and underestimate situational factors when explaining others' behavior
Fundamental attribution
occurs when the desire for group harmony leads to poor decision-making
Group think
emphasize the interaction between personal factors, behaviors, and the environment in shaping personality
Social cognitive theory
social psychology research include informed consent, confidentiality, and minimizing harm to participants
ethical considerations( guidlines)
Theory that suggests that individuals derive a sense of self from their membership in social groups
Social identity
theory proposes that people strive for consistency between their attitudes and behaviors
Cognitive dissonance
the tendency to change one's behavior to match the responses of others
Conformity
suggest that personality is influenced by genetic and physiological factors
Biological theory
involve systematically observing and recording behavior in natural or controlled settings
Observational methods
refers to an individual's belief in their ability to successfully perform a specific task or behavior
Self-efficacy
the tendency to change one's behavior to match the responses of others
Obedience
as the Big Five model, describe personality in terms of broad, stable characteristics
Trait theories
Survey methods
Theory describes the emotional bonds that develop between infants and their primary caregivers
Attachment theory
or refers to the tendency to overemphasize dispositional factors and underestimate situational factors when explaining others' behaviors
Fundamental attribution
is the tendency for individuals to exert less effort when working in a group compared to working alone
Social loafing
emphasize the role of unconscious conflicts and early childhood experiences in shaping personality
Frued theory ( believed he discovered the unconscious mind )
the relationship between variables without manipulating them
Correctional method
theory suggests that individuals evaluate the costs and benefits of relationships
Social exchange