1999-Now Elections
Describe the 1999 Mexican election
The Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) lost a 70 year rule to the National Action Party (PAN) and Mexico began to transition into a democracy
What are the two major parties in the UK with their party platforms
Conservatives (Tories): A right-leaning party that emphasizes free markets, lower taxes, a strong national government, and traditional institutions
Labour: A left-leaning party that supports social welfare programs, workers’ rights, and greater government involvement to reduce economic inequality
Describe the difference between FPTP and absolute majority
FPTP- the person with the most votes wins
Absolute majority- need over 50% of the vote to win
A society where interest groups can freely exist and compete for their interest
Pluralist
The Women, Life Freedom Movement was spurred by the death of Masha Amini after allegedly violating the country’s ____________________________________ law. (two possible answers)
Hijab/Morality
Explain the 2009 Iranian election controversy
In the 2009 Iranian presidential election, incumbent Ahmadinejad was declared the overwhelming winner over reformist challenger Mir-Hossein Mousavi and others, but widespread allegations of vote fraud sparked mass protests known as the Green Movement and a severe government crackdown
These types of parties can earn support from groups with different characteristics, attracting popular support from ideologically diverse platforms
Catch-all parties
Describe the electoral system for the President in Nigeria
25% of the votes in 2/3 of the states, and a simple majority
explicitly organized groups that represent and advocate for a specific interest or policy issue
Interest groups
What system is in place in the UK that would lead to the Liberal Democrat party winning 22% of the votes but only 10% of the seats in the House of Commons, while the Labour party only won 35% of the vote,and took 55% of the seats in the 2005 election?
First past the post
Describe the 2011 Russian parliamentary elections
The 2011 Russian parliamentary elections on December 4 saw the ruling United Russia party retain a majority in the State Duma but with a sharply reduced vote share, triggering widespread allegations of electoral irregularities and mass protests reflecting growing public discontent with the political system
List and describe the three major parties in Mexico with their plaform
Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI): A centrist party that dominated Mexican politics for most of the 20th century, known for pragmatism, state-led development, and strong party organization.
National Action Party (PAN): A center-right party that supports free-market economics, limited government intervention, and socially conservative values.
Morena: A left-wing populist party founded by Andrés Manuel López Obrador that emphasizes anti-corruption, social welfare expansion, and a strong role for the state in the economy.
Name two countries that have legislative quotas and describe the quota
Mexico- gender quotas
Iran- religious minority quotas
Unlike the overlapping memberships, competition, and ever-changing nature of civil society, interest groups, and political parties seen in a pluralistic society, a _________________ society is arranged so that each organization is empowered by the state to have a monopoly of representation over a given issue or segment of society (meaning that no other organization may act in that area or speak on that issue).
Corporatist
Describe the importance of the 2024 parliamentary election in the UK
The 2024 UK parliamentary election was significant because it delivered a decisive landslide victory to Keir Starmer’s Labour Party, ending 14 years of Conservative government and reshaping the political landscape with dramatic seat changes
List three regional political parties in the UK with their party platforms
Scottish National Party (SNP): A center-left nationalist party that advocates for Scottish independence and expanded social welfare.
Sinn Féin: A left-wing nationalist party active in both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland that supports Irish reunification and social equality.
Plaid Cymru: A Welsh nationalist party that promotes greater autonomy or independence for Wales, along with social democracy and protection of the Welsh language and culture.
Describe all aspects of the Russian legislative electoral system
State Duma elections are half of the representatives are directly elected from single-member districts and the other half are chosen through elections that use proportional representation with a threshold of 7%; the Federation Council is appointed
Name one social movement in Nigeria regarding a specific ethnic group and describe it
Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND) and the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP), which have emerged to advocate for the rights of an ethnic minority or protest against unjust methods of extraction and distribution of oil in the Niger Delta region
In 1989, thousands of students, workers, and citizens had gathered for weeks, calling for political reform and greater freedoms. The ___________________________________________ was a brutal crackdown by the Chinese government on this social movement of pro-democracy protesters in Beijing. The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) responded with martial law, sending in the military to violently suppress the demonstrations, leading to hundreds—possibly thousands—of deaths.
Tiananmen Square Protests
Describe the 2007 Nigerian presidential election
The election and its results created a firestorm in Nigeria and around the world. The opposition parties, civil society groups, and foreign observers commonly agreed that the April 2007 election was seriously flawed and perhaps fraudulent, representing one of the worst elections in Nigeria’s history. Many national, and international actors, believe the election was rigged by the People's Democratic Party
Name and describe the two major parties in Nigeria
All Progressives Congress (APC): A center-right party that emphasizes anti-corruption, economic reform, and strong federal leadership, and has been one of Nigeria’s two dominant parties since 2015.
People’s Democratic Party (PDP): A center-left party that dominated Nigerian politics from 1999 to 2015 and supports federalism, social spending, and inclusive economic growth.
Describe the electoral system for the Chamber of Senators in Mexico
three senators per state and Mexico City—where the party with the most votes wins two seats, the runner-up gets one—and an additional 32 seats are filled from national party lists by proportional representation
Name and describe an anti-corruption social movement in Russia from 2000 to now
Navalny- anti-corruption activist who led lifelong campaigns against the Putin administration and was eventually assassinated
2011 Parliamentary Elections- outrage over fraudulent elections with 50,000 plus protestors
Read the following: Political scientists describe Mexico as democratic after 2000 because that is when the PRI,and its vast practice of the president or other top officials having significant influence over who gets appointed to key positions within the government or public institutions based on personal favors or connection, ended. The democratic political regime—initially established by the Mexican Revolution and subsequently manipulated by the PRI’s authoritarian regime—remains in place today.
Describe the idea that is bolded (using the proper name)
El Dedazo