Vocabulary
Define rotation
Spinning of a body (planet or moon)
What is Earth’s axis tilt?
23.5 degrees
Why do we always see the same side of the moon from Earth?
The Moon rotates at the same speed that Earth rotates so if you stay in one location of Earth then you will always see the same side of the moon
What has a greater effect on Earth’s tides: the moon or the sun?
Moon
What are the TWO reasons for Earth’s seasons?
Tilt and Revolution
Define Revolution
Orbit of a body around another body
What determines the length of a day?
Rotation (Spinning) - one day is one full rotation on its axis
Explain the line of the ‘terminator’ on the moon
It is the line that separates half (50%) of the moon illuminated by sunlight and the other half (50%) of the moon facing away from sunlight or in darkness
What causes tides on Earth?
Gravitational pull from the Moon and Sun
How is the temperature affected by the tilt of Earth’s axis?
The angle that the sun’s rays strike Earth’s surface will determine the temperature. A direct sunlight hit will be hotter, an indirect sunlight hit will be cooler.
Define Satellite
A natural or artificial body that orbits around another body
What determines the length of a year?
Revolution (orbit) - one year is one full revolution around the sun
What is the difference between the Waxing lunar phases And Waning lunar phases?
Waxing means that more sunlight will be able to be seen from Earth’s viewpoint and Waning means that there will be less sunlight able to be seen from Earth’s viewpoint.
What are the types of tides (list them all)
High-high tide, Low-high tide, Low tide, Spring tide and Neap tide
What is the force that causes high-low tide?
Centrifugal force
Define Lunar Phases
The different appearances of the moon from Earth throughout the month; a cycle
If the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the sun, then the season will be _________ and the Southern Hemisphere season will be ____________.
Summer, Winter
Compare and contrast a solar eclipse to a lunar eclipse
Compare (same): Both happen when the sun-moon-earth are all in a straight line
Contrast (different): Lunar eclipse (sun-earth-moon) is when the moon is in Earths shadow. Solar eclipse (sun-moon-earth) is when the moon is between the sun and Earth. Lunar eclre[se occur more often than solar eclipses. A full solar eclipse only occurs in one location on Earth at a time.
Compare and contrast Spring tide to Neap tide
Compare: Both are tides; movement of water
Contrast: Spring tides occur when the sun-earth-moon are in a straight line, neap tides occur when the sun-earth-moon make a 90 degree angle. Spring tides cause the highest tidal range, whereas neap tides cause a smaller tidal range.
What causes the tidal cycle?
Rotation (spinning) of Earth and Revolution (orbit) of the moon around Earth
Define Tidal Range
The difference in levels of ocean water at high tide and low tide
Compare (same) and contrast (different) a solstice and equinox
Compare: Both are about the amount of sunlight on Earth
Contrast: Equinox is EQUAL amounts of sunlight in both hemispheres and Solstice has a MAXIMUM and MINIMUM amount of sunlight (more sunlight in one hemisphere than the other)
Why do we always see the same side of the moon from Earth?
Synchronous rotation - The amount of time that the moon revolves / orbits earth is the same amount of time the moon takes to complete one rotation on its axis.
How much time does it take for each to occur?
Low tide to High tide
Low tide to Low tide
Full cycle of 2 Low tides and 2 High tides
Low tide to High tide: 6 hours and 12.5 minutes
Low tide to Low tide: 12 hours and 25 minutes
Full cycle of 2 Low tides and 2 High tides: 24 hours and 50 minutes
Water on the moon; explain what phase water is found on the moon and where it is located.
Water is found on the moon in deep craters that are in the permanently dark poles of the moon. This water is found in the solid phase; frozen water.