Punnett Squares and Mutations
What is a mutation?
A permanent change in DNA
True or False: In both sexual and asexual reproduction, genes are passed from parent to offspring.
True
True or False: Fertilization can occur in plants as well as animals?
True - plants can also reproduce sexually
Are traits always determined by ONE gene?
No - they can be determined by many genes!
In an earlier draft of The Very Hungry Caterpillar, the main character was this similar creature (NOT a caterpillar!)
Worm
What does a Punnett Square tell us?
What is likely to happen with offspring
How many of each chromosome does a human have?
2
True or False: A female organism can exhibit a mating behavior.
True
In the nucleus
What is both considered the highest selling book as well as the most stolen book?
The Bible
What do mutations change the function of in the body?
What is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction? Think about number of parents and the genes passed down!
Sexual - 2 parents; each offspring is genetically unique
Asexual - 1 parent; each offspring is a clone of its parent
Plants have many ways to attract pollinators. List 3 of these ways.
Pleasant smells, bright colors, flower shape, etc.
Some traits can be influence by both genetics and ___________ factors (the world around them).
Environmental
If you read 20 minutes a day, about how many words will you have read in a year?
1.8 million
In order to have a recessive trait show, what kind of alleles are needed?
Both lowercase (recessive) alleles.
In sexual reproduction, how many chromosomes does an organism receive from each of its parents?
Half - in humans, this is typically 23 from each parent.
What is one example of a mating behavior that might increase reproductive success? How can we measure reproductive success?
A dance, etc.
Counting the number of offspring an organism produces.
About how many genes does the human body have?
20,000
Before Harry Potter, another children's book hadn't made it on the New York Times Bestsellers list since 1952. What book made the list in 1952?
Charlotte's Web
Complete the Punnett Square from the back board. Include the percentages of offspring that will have brown eyes (B) and the percent that will have blue eyes (b)
BB Bb
Bb bb
75% brown eyes; 25% blue eyes
Give an example of asexual reproduction
A worm splitting in half; a bacteria splitting in half; a hydra using budding to reproduce; etc
You find a plant that has flowers with a very long, tube-like shape. What is an example of an animal that might be able to pollinate this flower?
Hummingbirds - their beaks are long and narrow, and will therefore fit into the flower.
All humans are genetically unique, except for identical twins. Explain why identical twins are genetically identical.
They start as the same egg and sperm, and the fertilized egg splits in half to form two separate eggs. Each of these have the exact same genetics, meaning the identical twins that result will have the same genes.
Harold and George from Captain Underpants are named after two characters from other children's books. Who are they named after?
Harold from Harold and the Purple Crayon
George from Curious George