Truman
Where was Harry S. Truman born?
Lamar, Missouri
What major post‑World War II economic problem did the United States face when returning to a peacetime economy?
A postwar recession and difficulty converting from wartime to peacetime production
What international organization, established in 1945, was mentioned as promoting peaceful cooperation?
The United Nations
Which scientist is credited with introducing the concept that led to development of the atomic bomb?
Albert Einstein
On what date did North Korea attack South Korea, starting the Korean War?
June 25, 1950
What nickname refers to Truman becoming president after Franklin D. Roosevelt's death?
The Accidental President
What major 1946 labor action threatened to cause widespread disruption and led Truman to consider drafting the workers into the Army?
The 1946 railroad workers strike
Which wartime conference (dates July 17 – August 2, 1945) helped set policy on occupied Germany?
The Potsdam Conference
Who was the Manhattan Project’s lead scientist?
J Robert Oppenheimer
Along what latitude line was Korea divided prior to the war?
The 38th Parallel
Name two famous quotes attributed to Harry Truman included in the review material.
"The buck stops here." and "If you can’t stand the heat, get out of the kitchen."
Executive Order 9981 (1948) addressed which civil rights issue in the military?
Integration of Armed Forces - Desegregation of Armed Forced
What policy, articulated by George Kennan and adopted by Truman, aimed to stop the spread of communism?
Containment policy
Give the date and location of the successful test of the first atomic bomb
Trinity Test, July 16,1945, New Mexico
What daring UN amphibious (by sea) operation in September 1950 turned the tide and who led it?
Operation Chromite, Douglas MacArthur
Before national office, Truman served in what state’s local positions and became a U.S. Senator for which state?
U.S. Senator from Missouri
What was the name of Truman’s domestic agenda after the 1948 election, and did it achieve full success?
The Fair Deal — had limited success
What was the name of the U.S. program that provided about 12.4 billion12.4 billion in aid to help rebuild Europe after WWII?
The Marshall Plan (European Recovery Act), about 12.4 billion
Name the two Japanese cities hit with atomic bombs and the approximate casualties given for each.
Hiroshima — August 6, 1945 (about 140,000 killed); Nagasaki — August 9, 1945 (about 70,000 killed)
Which Chinese intervention event after UN forces approached the Yalu River significantly changed the course of the war?
China entered the war (late November 1950) — battles like the Chosin Reservoir changed momentum
List two "fun facts" about Truman
no college; oversaw White House renovations; protected Margaret; Presidential Library and Gravesite in Independence, Missouri
Name two prominent figures/events associated with the Red Scare era listed in the review (choose any two) and briefly state their roles.
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg (executed as communist spies); House Committee on Un-American Activities / Joseph McCarthy (anti‑communist investigations); Richard Nixon (HUAC involvement); McCarthyism
Explain one major Cold War event or crisis involving Berlin or Germany included in the review and its significance.
The Berlin Airlift (June 26, 1948 – May 12, 1949) — the U.S. and its allies airlifted supplies to West Berlin after a Soviet blockade, demonstrating Western commitment to resisting Soviet pressure.
Present one key argument used by proponents and one key argument used by opponents of using the atomic bomb
Proponent: Saves lives by ending the war quickly / prevents further invasion;
Opponent: Considered murder / argued conventional bombing or imminent Japanese surrender might have avoided it
Give two major results or consequences of the Korean War listed in the review (choose any two), including one human or material cost.
Approximately 36,574 U.S. killed and about $403 billion$403 billion cost; the war ended in a stalemate/tie (armistice July 27, 1953); strengthened Cold War tensions; South Korea, Japan, and the UN on the "good" side—North Korea and China on the "bad" side