Famous Faces
This Portuguese prince never sailed on a voyage himself but founded a navigation school that started the Age of Discovery.
Who is Prince Henry the Navigator?
These three words represent the primary motivations for European exploration.
What are Gold, Glory, and God?
This economic theory stated that a nation’s power depended on its wealth, specifically its supply of gold and silver.
What is Mercantilism?
This was the brutal second leg of the Triangular Trade that brought enslaved Africans to the Americas.
What is the Middle Passage?
This is how European explorers and settlers generally treated Native Americans.
What is harshly (enslavement, forced labor, or "Encomienda system")?
He was the first European to reach India by sea, sailing around the southern tip of Africa.
Who is Vasco da Gama?
This country began European exploration because of its location on the Atlantic and Prince Henry's support.
What is Portugal?
This term describes the three-way trade route between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
What is the Triangular Trade?
Most enslaved people were taken from this specific geographical region of Africa.
What is West Africa?
This was the most significant negative consequence for Native American populations during this time.
What is massive population decline due to disease?
This explorer realized the lands Columbus found were not Asia, but a "New World"—and they were named after him.
Who is Amerigo Vespucci?
This was the primary economic purpose of exploration: to find a direct sea route to this continent to trade for spices.
What is Asia?
This global transfer of plants, animals, and diseases occurred between the Old World and the New World.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
Contrary to popular belief, this South American country (a Portuguese colony) imported the most enslaved Africans.
What is Brazil?
This was a positive consequence of exploration for the European population.
What is increased wealth and new food sources (like potatoes/corn)?
Although he was killed in the Philippines, his crew became the first people to circumnavigate the globe.
Who is Ferdinand Magellan?
Exploration was possible during this time because of these two specific technological advancements in weaponry.
What are cannons and muskets (or gunpowder)?
To maintain a favorable balance of trade, European countries wanted to avoid buying from rivals and instead export more than they ________.
What is import?
Enslaved Africans were often sold to Europeans by these people in exchange for manufactured goods and weapons.
Who are African monarchs and local merchants?
Because of the Columbian Exchange, the population of Europe generally did this.
What is increased (due to better nutrition)?
These two specific "Conquistadors" led the fall of the Aztec and Inca Empires, respectively.
Who are Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro?
In early American civilizations like the Aztecs, this practice was performed to appease the gods and ensure the sun would rise.
What is human sacrifice?
These three countries were the major participants in exploration; meanwhile, landlocked countries in Central Europe did not participate.
Who are Portugal, Spain, and England (or France/Netherlands)?
African slavery began in the Americas primarily because these people were dying from European diseases.
Who are Native Americans (Indigenous peoples)?
Exploration became possible not just through weapons, but through these two navigational tools.
What are the astrolabe and the magnetic compass?