Structure of DNA
What is the building block of DNA called?
Nucleotide
Which enzyme unwinds DNA strands
Helicase
Meiosis creates what product?
gametes
Where does protein synthesis begin?
Nucleus
What is the name of the mutation that occurs when part of a chromosome disappears?
deletion
A nucleotide consists of three components, what are they?
phosphate, sugar, base
Which enzyme adds nucleotides to the new strand?
DNA polymerase
How many daughter cells are produced at the end of meiosis
4
What is the name of the step between transcription and translation?
Processing
If someone has 3 copies of a chromosome, what is it called?
Trisomy
Bases are joined together by what type of bond?
Hydrogen bond
DNA is made in which direction?
made in 5' to 3' direction
Meiosis will produce cells that have half the number of chromosomes, what is this called?
haploid (n)
RNA polymerase
What is it called when a cell have an abnormal number of chromosomes
Aneuploidy
Bases pair in AT and GC. They must always be in 1:1 ratio of purines and pyrimidines. What is this rule's name?
Chargaff's Rule
What is the purpose of DNA replication? (3)
Repair, growth and reproduction
This process during prophase I increases genetic variation by exchanging DNA between homologous chromosomes
Crossing over
What is the name of the 3 bases on a tRNA that bind to the mRNA strand?
Anti-codon
2n-1
If someone's DNA is made of 35% Thymine, what is the percentage is Guanine?
15%
Sections of DNA made on the lagging strand are called what?
Okazaki fragments
During what phase does random assortment occur?
Metaphase I
What is the sequence of the start codon on mRNA?
AUG
During which phase(s) could non-disjunction occur?
Anaphase I or Anaphase II