Topic 1
True or False:
Cell to Cell communication helps unicellular organisms grow and develop
What is False?
What are the three stages of cell to cell messaging?
What are reception, transduction, and response?
Protein phosphatase does this to activate other proteins
What is remove the regulatory protein from a catalytic protein
This feedback loop is the most prolific in the human body
What is a negative feedback loop?
Plants use this feature to directly communicate with each other
What is plasmodesmata?
This happens to a receptor as soon as it is bound by a ligand
What is its shape changes?
When bound to by a ligand, this side of a GPCR changes shape
What is the cytoplasmic side?
The purpose of feedback loops is to try to achieve this state of being
Homeostasis
This local communication is only used in animal cells
What is synaptic signaling?
Plasma membrane receptors tend to be what size molecules
What is large molecules?
These are the two main receptors on the cell membrane of eukaryotic organisms
What are GPCRs and ligand gated ion channels?
These factors can affect the body's ability to maintain homeostasis
List two
Drugs/Alcohol, disease, extreme conditions, and diet
Plants and animals use this for long-distance signaling
What are hormones?
GPCR is an acronym that stands for
What is a G-protein-coupled receptor?
G proteins remain inactive until this occurs
What is a ligand binding to a receptor
This will happen if an organism is unable to maintain relative homeostasis for a long time
What is the death of the organism?
Animals use this body system to transmit signals long distances through the cardiovascular system
What is the endocrine system?
Hormones that go within a cell tend to originate from what gland
What is the thyroid gland?
Ligand-gated ion channels are extremely important in this animal body system
What is the nervous system?
This must occur before an organism can sense and respond
What is a stimulus?