Exploration
What year did the Old World and New World meet?
1492
This disease was detrimental to the population of the Americas. It caused the "Great Dying."
Smallpox
What commodity were European traders primarily interested in from Southeast Asia?
Spices
Name at least 2 effects the Atlantic slave trade had on Africa.
- Population decrease
- Polygyny
- Women taking over roles of men
- Political instability
- Growth of Kingdoms
What was the title of the Spaniards who colonized the New World?
Conquistadors
What are TWO technological developments that led to increased exploration?
Compass; Carrack; Caravel; Fluyt; Cartography; Astrolabe; Lateen sail, etc.
How did the Columbian Exchange massively increase the population in the Old World?
New World food crops brought to the Old World.
What are the 3 "Gs" that influenced Europeans to explore and colonize Latin America?
God, Glory, Gold
Japan and China both engaged in policies of __ during this period during which they decreased their open involvement in foreign trade.
Isolation/ Seclusion
What is the name of the document that gave Spain control of most of Latin America and Portugal control of most of Brazil, Africa, and Asia?
Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
Which European nation (and person) was the first to sponsor extensive maritime travel?
Portugal - Prince Henry the Navigator
What was the "solution" to the labor shortage in the Americas?
Transatlantic slave trade
The exploitation of colonies (including the extraction of precious metals) by a dominating power is known as the economic policy of
Mercantilism
The _________ attempted to establish small forts in the Mughal Empire.
British East India Company
Arguably the worst part of the journey for enslaved Africans, this was characterized by the little water, food, and space as well as the sickness.
Middle Passage
What was the primary reason for Europeans' desire to begin extensive maritime travel?
To trade with Asia more easily (avoid taxes from Gunpowder Empires)
Name one animal that was transferred from the Eastern Hemisphere to the Western Hemisphere.
Horses, oxen, pigs, cattle, sheep, goats, rats, chickens, mosquitoes
The most important precious metal imported from the New World.
Silver
Ruler of the Ndongo in south-central Africa who resisted the Portuguese.
Ana Nzinga
How did the Ottoman and Mughal empires avoid much of the social strife that Europe experienced during this time?
Better religious toleration (Ottomans favored Muslims but accepted others; Mughals tolerant of mostly all religious, Muslims and Hindus)
What were French, Dutch, and British Empires all searching for in this time period?
A northwest passage
What crops did enslaved Africans bring with them to the Americas?
Okra and rice
What was the primary purpose of European trading posts in Africa and Asia?
To allow for control and access to heavily trafficked maritime routes to build wealth and power
Name one kingdom that grew because of the slave trade.
-Kingdom of Ndongo
-Kingdom of the Kongo
-Asante Empire
Give an example of the power of existing political and economic elites fluctuating as they confronted new challenges to their ability to affect the policies of the increasingly powerful monarchs and leaders
Ottoman timars
Russian boyars
European nobility