Slaves
The growth of what economy increased the demand for more slaves in the Americas?
Plantation Economy
Which ethnic group was treated the best and given the most opportunity?
Peninsulares
What was the Columbian exchange?
The Columbian exchange was the expanding trade network between the Europe "The old world" and the Americas "The new World"
What is a Conquistador?
The explorers and soldiers of the Spanish Empires, conquered land for said empires.
Name a piece of technology the Europeans had that the natives did not.
Guns
What was the name of the network by which the slaves were traded?
Transatlantic Slave Trade
What ethnic group currently makes up 60-70% of Mexico?
Mestizos
Who was Christopher Columbus?
He "discovered" America
What are the two main negative connotations associated with the Spanish rule of their colonies in the New World?
Encomienda and Slavery
What was the caravel?
The caravel was a ship designed by the Portuguese, used to explore the west coast of Africa. The Lateen sail on the ship allowed it to sail into the wind.
Why was the trading of slaves so economically beneficial?
The "owner" of the slaves were able to profit from their labor, without having to pay them for their efforts.
Why were the indigenous people not given the opportunity to participate in government?
They were considered separate legal status and often lived in other communities.
List 3 diseases that spread to the New World by the Columbian Exchange
Bubonic Plague, Influenza, Smallpox
What does the term "castas" refer to?
The hierarchical way of life in Mesoamerica. Based off of race, it was used as a social identifier.
Why was discovering wind patterns important?
European mariners learned to follow the trade winds, which allowed them to understand the quickest/ most efficient direction to travel.
1/2 of all European immigration to the US prior to 1776 was
Indentured Servitude
What condition determined if a Mulatto child would be a slave?
If their mother was a slave.
Name 3 livestock that moved from the Old World to the New World
Pig, Cattle, Sheep
What is the Encomienda System?
The king of Spain granted any person going to New World a set number of Native Americans for labor. In return they were Christianized and protected from neighbors.
What was the astrolabe?
This piece of technology allowed mariners to locate and calculate the position of celestial bodies to determine location.
What was the middle passage?
The Middle Passage was the stage of the Atlantic slave trade in which millions of enslaved Africans were transported to the Americas as part of the triangular slave trade.
Creoles
Why was the Columbian exchange considered important?
The Columbian exchange sparked a global maritime trade network. For the first time in history, humans were trading goods/knowledge with every continent. Cultural diffusion began to spread to all parts of the globe.
How did the Aztecs sacrifice?
Vassal states had to pay tribute, leading vassals to fight one another for captives instead of rebelling against Aztecs.
Why were these technological advancements so important?
With these pieces of technology, Europeans were able to venture out past their land. with maritime trade beginning, led to the creation of a vast oceanic trade system around the globe.