method of creating the illusion of depth, or recession, in a painting or drawing by modulating colour to simulate changes effected by the atmosphere on the colours of things seen at a distance.
100
Gothic Cathedral
a style of architecture developed in northern France that spread throughout Europe between the 12th and 16th centuries; characterized by slender vertical piers and counterbalancing buttresses and by vaulting and pointed arches
100
Italio-Byzantine
Style of art, which began to explore a classical or natrualistic way of depicting, objects but still retained many Byzantine.
100
city states
a state consisting of a sovereign city
100
foreshortening
shorten lines in a drawing so as to create an illusion of depth
200
Vanishing Point
the point at which something that has been growing smaller or increasingly faint disappears altogether.
200
Rose Window
a circular window with mullions or tracery radiating in a form suggestive of a rose
200
stigmata
(in Christian tradition) marks corresponding to those left on Jesus’ body by the Crucifixion, said to have been impressed by divine favor on the bodies of St. Francis of Assisi and others.
200
Black Death
the epidemic form of bubonic plague experienced during the Middle Ages when it killed nearly half the people of western Europe
200
humanitarianism
marked by devotion to popular welfare
300
Parallel Lines
run in the same direction, the same distance apart. Two lines that are parallel never meet, never cross over one another.
300
colonnettes
a small column esp. in a group in a parapet, balustrade, or clustered column.
300
Franciscan Monk
Franciscans are those people and groups who adhere to the teachings and spiritual disciplines of Saint Francis of Assisi.
300
republic
a form of government whose head of state is not a monarch
300
Dante
an Italian poet famous for writing the Divine Comedy that describes a journey through Hell and purgatory and paradise guided by Virgil and his idealized Beatrice (1265-1321)
400
Alberti
Italian architect and painter; pioneering theoretician of Renaissance architecture
400
spire
a tapering conical or pyramidal structure on the top of a building, typically a church tower.
400
pieta
a picture or sculpture of the Virgin Mary holding the dead body of Jesus Christ on her lap or in her arms.
400
vernacular literature
a work of literature written in a language used most commonly
400
usury
the act of lending money at an exorbitant rate of interest
500
Linear Perspective
a type of perspective used by artists in which the relative size, shape, and position of objects are determined by drawn or imagined lines converging at a point on the horizon.
500
triforium gallery
a shallow arched gallery within the thickness of inner wall, which stands above the nave of a church or cathedral
500
Dominican Monk
a Dominican friar in Florence who preached against sin and corruption and gained a large following; he expelled the Medici from Florence but was later excommunicated and executed for criticizing the Pope had this group of followers
500
humanism
teachings of Saint Francis
500
Grisaille
chiaroscuro painting or stained glass etc., in shades of grey imitating the effect of relief