Britain's Ascendancy (and Setbacks)
The Seven Years' War was known by this other name in North America
What is the French and Indian War?
The first and second estates were made up of these two groups, respectively
This lawyer became the most powerful man in France via his control of the Committee of Public Safety
Who is Maximilien Robespierre?
Napoleon was born on this Mediterranean island
What is Corsica?
Romanticism privileged ______ over reason
What is Salic Law?
This fortress/prison/arsenal was a potent symbol of Bourbon absolutism before its fall in the summer of 1789
What is the Bastille?
This new invention, framed by supporters as a symbol of the Enlightenment, was used by the Revolutionaries to eliminate enemies
What is the guillotine?
Event that ended the French Revolution and precipitated Napoleon's rise to power
What is the Coup of 18 Brumaire?
This German composer was noteworthy in his later years for his emotional pieces, like Symphony No. 9, also known as the "Ode to Joy"
Who is Ludwig van Beethoven?
This grievance against the British parliament's increasing use of direct taxes became a rallying cry for disgruntled American colonists in the 1760s - 1770s
What is "no taxation without representation"?
Event when the National Assembly sent troops to disperse a crowd of angry protestors calling for the king's resignation, following his failed flight to Varennes
What is the Massacre at the Champs de Mars?
The queen of France who was executed in 1793, accused of lacking sympathy with the French common people ("Let them eat cake")
Who is Marie Antoinette?
Napoleon's first exile was to this Mediterranean island
What is Elba?
Unlike the Renaissance humanists or the Enlightenment philosophes, the Romantics tended to look back nostalgically on this historical period in European history
What are the Middle Ages/Medieval Europe?
This peace treaty ended the American Revolution
What is the Peace of Paris (1783)?
This was a limited power enjoyed by the king in the new constitutional monarchy of 1791
What is the suspensive veto?
This development, taking place during the summer "month of heat," saw the downfall of the Jacobin control over the National Convention
What is the Thermidorian Reaction?
Napoleon's final defeat in 1815, in modern-day Belgium; to "meet one's _____" became an aphorism meaning to experience disaster
What is Waterloo?
Romantics were skeptical of new technological changes occurring in Europe, and in particular the new use of machinery to mass produce goods known as this
This final major engagement of the American Revolution led to the surrender of an entire British army to George Washington and his French allies
What is the Siege of Yorktown?
These decrees, along with the Declaration of Rights of Man and the Citizen issued several weeks later, set the agenda for the liberal phase of the Revolution
What are the August 4 Decrees?
The final form of the Revolutionary government, led by five executives, was able to conquer nearby countries but was plagued by economic and political instability
What is the Directory?
This naval battle destroyed Napoleon's aspiration to invade the British Isles and forced him to try the Continental System; namesake of a prominent square in Central London
What is the Battle of Trafalgar?
The revival of organized religion in the late 18th/early 19th century was known as this in Protestant countries like the UK (ex: creation of Methodism)
What is the Second Great Awakening?