Theory
Which of the following explains why multiple early hearths of domestication and diffusion of plants and animals arose across the world in Central America, the Fertile Crescent, the Indus River valley, and Southeast Asia?
(A) Domestication of plants and animals began in Central America and the process diffused to other areas through the early explorers.
(B) Domestication of plants and animals evolved in each hearth independently of one another as societies in each area learned and applied the process to local plants and animals.
(C) Domestication of plants and animals began in Southeast Asia and the process diffused to other areas as nomadic warriors conquered other cultural groups and carried the new seeds and animals with them.
(D) Domestication of plants and animals began in the Fertile Crescent and the process diffused as pastoral nomads migrated to other areas.
(E) Domestication of plants and animals began in the Indus River valley and the process diffused to other areas
(B) Domestication of plants and animals evolved in each hearth independently of one another as societies in each area learned and applied the process to local plants and animals.
Which of the following spatial patterns is best explained by bid-rent theory?
(A) Concentric rings of different agricultural activities surrounding a city in the midwestern United States
(B) Rural-to-urban migration increasing the population density to eastern China
(C) Linear settlements located along a major road in a densely forested area of Brazil
(D) Dispersed settlement throughout a large mountainous area of Switzerland
(E) The conversion of agricultural land to suburbs surrounding a city in the southeastern United States
(A) Concentric rings of different agricultural activities surrounding a city in the midwestern United States
Which of the following best explains how the expansion of feedlots for raising cattle has affected environmental sustainability in rural areas?
(A) Concentrating large numbers of farm animals in small spaces has decreased the release of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
(B) Runoff from animal waste has increased the pollution in local water supplies.
(C) Feed grains have eliminated potentially harmful invasive plant species from farmland.
(D) Land development has increased the available water supply for other farming practices.
(E) Composted manure has introduced valuable nutrients into previously depleted soils.
(B) Runoff from animal waste has increased the pollution in local water supplies.
Between 1950 and 1990, wheat production in India in average pounds per acre more than tripled, which allowed India to meet its population’s need for food. Which of the following best explains this change?
(A) The elimination of poverty in India’s rural regions
(B) The use of genetically modified seeds
(C) The increase in microloan programs that provide farmers with credit
(D) The use of large farm tractors and combine harvesters
(E) The use of improved plant hybrids and agricultural chemicals
(E) The use of improved plant hybrids and agricultural chemicals