Geography
Describe Greece's Geography
Many mountains and small islands, warm weather.
List 5 characteristics of a Golden Age
Advancements in: Math, Astronomy, Medicine, Literature, Arts, Architecture, Entertainment.
Stable Government, Peace, Prosperity, Strong Military
How did the Great Peloponnesian War contribute to Philip II of Macedonia's success in conquering Ancient Greece?
The Great Peloponnesian War weakened the Greek City-States making it much easier for Philip II to successful conquer the Greeks.
What type of government did the Athenians have?
Direct Democracy
What is a city-state?
A city with its own laws and government, not connected to a larger government. Like its own small country.
How did Greece's geography influence them to rely much on trading?
Mountains and make it tough to farm and have plentiful resources, therefore, trading is necessary to acquire various resources.
What does Greece's architectural focuses, such as the Parthenon reveal about ancient greek culture?
This shows they clearly valued religion and spiritual life, or else they would not spend time engaging in constructing these.
What is different between Athenian Democracy and American Democracy?
Direct vs. Representative
US has many more citizens, allows women to vote, Athens had slaves who could not vote.
Describe Athenian Direct Democracy.
All Adult Males 18 or older could vote on issues. Women and children could not vote. Rather than our government where we vote on representatives to represent our interests, citizens could represent their interests on their own via debating issues in person.
Describe Sparta's culture
Heavily focused on military, developing self-discipline, training boys and girls at a really young age, mandatory military service for males. Very strict.
What is one key pro of a civilization being surrounded by mountains?
Protection from invaders.
What is similar between the US and Athenian Government?
Provide citizens with power to vote on lawmakers and have a process to remove a leader
List 3 major areas Alexander the Great conquered.
Greece, Persia, and Egypt.
List one cause of the Great Peloponnesian War.
Athenian Empire was growing, became powerful and influential. Other city-states feared their growth and also did not want to be influenced, such as Sparta, which led such rivals into the Great Peloponnesian War initiated by Athens.
What is Hellenistic Culture?
Greek customs and culture blended with other local influences in Egypt, Persia and India thus creating a new culture: The Hellenistic Culture. This was created by Alexander the Great.
What is one key con of living in mountainous areas?
Tough to farm, trade, and learn ideas from other areas.
How did the Mycenaean Civilization adapt to their geography?
They engaged in trade
How was Alexander the Great able to create a large empire?
Strong military skills and knowledge, loyalty and training of soldiers, leading by example, treating people right, but punished those and made example of those who did not treat him right.
What was the result of the Great Peloponnesian War?
Sparta eventually won after almost 27 years of war including a 6-year truce. However, both city-states were weakened, which eventually made them vulnerable to the Macedonians.
How does a direct democracy differ from a representative democracy?
in a direct democracy, citizens vote directly on issues.
in a representative democracy, citizens vote for representatives to represent their interests when discussing issues.
How did Greece's Geography influence the development of city-states?
Many mountains and many islands made it tough to unify places in modern-day Greece together, which led to the development of many Greek City-States.
List 4 specific achievements by the Ancient Greeks.
Olympics, Greek Drama, The Odyssey and The Illiad, Hippocratic Oath, Hippocrates medical schools, Socratic Method for learning, Scientific method, Pythagorean Theorem, Sun is much bigger than the Earth, Parthenon, direct democracy idea.
How did Alexander the Great's legacy impact the world after his death?
He spread Greek ideals to Egypt, Persia, and India. He emphasized learning, which flourished in these areas. His approach towards the areas he conquered led to much cultural diffusion. This Era and culture developed are known as the Hellenistic Era and Hellenistic Culture.
Describe Pericles philosophy on government.
He believed a direct democracy was the most effective and fair type of government. He believed everyone who was eligible to vote on issues should do so and had no excuse not to. He believed direct democracy was what the Athenians were fighting to protect when they fought Sparta in the Great Peloponnesian War.
How did Alexander the Great's Conquests lead to cultural diffusion?
He conquered many different territories and influenced Greek ideals on the different territories leading to the diffusion of ideas in these different cultures.