Composition of Matter
Define Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space (everything around us!)
What are the two main types of properties?
Chemical and physical
What is kinetic energy?
The energy of movement
What are the three main states of matter?
Solid, liquid, and gas
What is an element?
A substance made up of only 1 type of atom, cannot be broken down further
What is an atom?
The smallest unit of matter, the building block of life
This is a property that relates to how a substance reacts with other substances
Chemical Property
Describe the relationship between particle speed and temperature
As particles move faster, temperature increases
Which state of matter has a fixed volume, but not shape?
Liquid
What is the difference between a molecule and a compound?
Both are substances made up of 2 or more atoms, but a COMPOUND must contain 2 different types
What are the two types of matter?
Pure substances and Mixtures
Painting a wall a different color is an example of what type of change?
Physical property
Define temperature
A measure of the average kinetic energy of an objects particles
Describe the particles of a gas
Far apart and free moving
Compare the partial sizes of solutions, suspensions, and colloids
Solution = smallest, Colloid = medium, Suspension = largest
What is considered a pure substance?
Elements, molecules, compounds
Give an example of a chemical property
Flammability, reactivity
State the Law of Conservation of Matter
Matter cannot be created or destroyed
Which state of matter has the strongest particle attraction?
Solids
Solute - the substance dissolved, solvent - dissolves other substances
What type of substance would exhibit the Tyndall Effect?
Colloids
Is rusting a chemical or physical change? Explain.
Chemical property - Iron oxidizes into a completely NEW substance (iron oxide)
What is specific heat?
The thermal energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of material by 1 degree Celsius, 1 J/kg*C
What is plasma?
A substance similar to a gas, except it is made up of positively and negatively charged particles
Describe steel in terms of composition
Homogenous mixture