Vocabulary
What is the definition of attraction?
A force that pulls objects toward each other.
Which statement best explains when the northern hemisphere experiences the shortest days and why?
a. The northern hemisphere has the shortest days in autumn because Earth is farther away from the Sun.
b. The northern hemisphere has the shortest days in autumn because it is tilted away from the Sun.
c. The northern hemisphere has the shortest days in winter because Earth is farther away from the Sun
d. The northern hemisphere has the shortest days in winter because it is tilted away from the Sun.
d. The northern hemisphere has the shortest days in winter because it is tilted away from the Sun.
Which statement is true about a solar eclipse?
a. A solar eclipse can only occur when an observer is within the Moon's umbra.
b. A solar eclipse can only occur when the Moon is between the Sun and Earth.
c. A solar eclipse can only occur when Earth is between the Moon and the Sun.
d. A solar eclipse can only occur when an observer is within the Moon's penumbra.
b. A solar eclipse can only occur when the Moon is between the Sun and Earth.
Why the Moon's pull is stronger than the Sun's?
Even though the Sun is bigger, the Moon is much closer, so its tidal force is stronger.
What is moonlight?
Sunlight reflecting off the Moon's surface.
What is gravity?
The force that pulls all objects toward each other.
Aria and Jace are discussing why Florida is so hot in July. Aria claims that is is hotter in July because Earth is closer to the Sun during the summer. How should Jace respond to Aria's claim?
a. Jace should agree. Earth is closer to the Sun in July, which makes it hotter.
b. Jace should disagree. The Sun gives off more energy during the summer, which makes it hotter.
c. Jace should disagree. Sunlight is spread over a larger area during the summer, which makes it hotter.
d. Jace should disagree. The northern hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun in the summer, which makes it hotter.
d. Jace should disagree. The northern hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun in the summer, which makes it hotter.
What is the darkest, inner part where the light is completely blocked (total eclipse).
Umbra
When the Sun, Moon, and Earth form a straight line, what type of tide happens?
Spring Tide
How long is the full lunar cycle?
About 29.5 days.
What is the phase of the Moon when its entire face is lit by the Sun?
Full Moon
Michael created a model of the Sun-Earth-Moon system. He rotated the model until the north end of Earth's rotation axis was tilted towards the Sun. Which season would the southern hemisphere be experiencing in Michael's model?
a. Autumn
b. Spring.
c. Summer
d. Winter
d. Winter
The order of bodies during a lunar eclipse is:
a) Sun - Moon - Earth
b) Sun - Earth - Moon
c) Earth - Sun - Moon
d) Moon - Earth - Sun
B) Sun-Earth-Moon
3. Mr. Mayer’s science class is studying ocean tides. The students created two models. Model 1 shows the Sun, Earth, and Moon all in line in relation to one another. Model 2 shows the Sun, Earth, and Moon forming a right angle.
In which model should the students show the largest tidal range?
a. Model 1; it shows spring tides.
b. Model 1; it shows neap tides.
c. Model 2; it shows spring tides.
d. Model 2; it shows neap tides.
a. Model 1; it shows spring tides.
What phase of the moon has no visible light?
New Moon
What tide has the least difference between high and low tide?
Neap Tide
The Equinox (Vernal/Autumnal) is characterized by:
a) The Sun's rays hitting the Tropic of Cancer.
b) The North Pole having 24 hours of daylight.
c) The Equator receiving the most direct sunlight.
d) Equal hours of daylight and darkness globally.
c) The Equator receiving the most direct sunlight.
8. Danna and Oliver are on a camping trip. They keep a journal with descriptions of the night sky. They are particularly interested in one nighttime phenomenon, which they describe in the table.
June 1-2: Cannot see the Moon. It is completely dark.
June 3-4: A tiny sliver of light can be seen on the Moons western edge.
June 5-6: More of the western side of the Moon is lit.
June 7-8: Entire western half of the Moon is lit.
Which phenomenon did Danna and Oliver most likely observe?
a. A lunar eclipse
b. A solar eclipse
c. Waning phases of the Moon
d. Waxing phases of the Moon
d. Waxing phases of the Moon
The Moon's gravity pulls Earth's water into bulges on the side facing the Moon and the opposite side, creating high tides which form what?
a. Tidal Bulges
b. Spring Tides
c. Neap Tides
d. High Tides
a. Tidal Bulges
How much of the moon do you see for Gibbeous?
a. All of the moon
b. More than half of the moon
c. Less than half of the moon
d. Nothing is visible from the moon
b. More than half of the moon
What is a waning moon phase?
The phase of the Moon when the visible lighted part is getting smaller.
In January, the Sun rises at 10:00 am in Anchorage, Alaska. In July, the Sun rises at 3:00 am in the same city. What is the best explanation for the difference in sunrise times throughout the year?
a. The Sun rises earlier in the northern hemisphere in the summer because the north end of Earth's rotation axis is pointed toward the Sun
b. The Sun rises later in the northern hemisphere in the summer because the north end of Earth's rotation axis is pointed toward the Sun.
c. The Sun rises earlier in the northern hemisphere in the summer because the north end of Earth's rotation axis is pointed away the Sun
d. The Sun rises later in the northern hemisphere in the summer because the north end of Earth's rotation axis is pointed away the Sun
a. The Sun rises earlier in the northern hemisphere in the summer because the north end of Earth's rotation axis is pointed toward the Sun
Why doesn't a lunar eclipse happen every month when the Moon is full?
a) The Moon's orbit is tilted relative to Earth's orbit around the Sun.
b) The Earth's shadow is too small to cover the Moon.
c) The Moon's rotation changes its position.
d) The Sun's light is blocked by another planet.
a) The Moon's orbit is tilted relative to Earth's orbit around the Sun.
4. Robert recorded data for the tide and phases of the Moon for May.
May 5: 6.27 tidal range in feet: New Moon
May 12: 4.72 tidal range in feet: First Quarter Moon
May 19: 7.18 tidal range in feet: Full Moon
May 26: 3.16 tidal range in feet: Third Quarter Moon
How are spring and neap tides related to the phases of the Moon?
a. Neap tides occur when there is a new or full moon.
b. Spring tides occur when there is a new or full moon.
c. Neap tides occur only when there is a first quarter moon.
d. Spring tides occur when there is a first or third quarter moon.
b. Spring tides occur when there is a new or full moon.
What are the 8 moon phases?
(Bonus if in order)
New Moon, Waxing Crescent, First Quarter, Waxing Gibbous, Full Moon, Waning Gibbous, Third Quarter, Waning Crescent.