Figurative Language
Compares two things using "like" or "as"
What is a simile?
"Nellie shivered a little. It was hard enough for her to perform in public without imagining that people were watching her critically. Rosie always seemed so poised and graceful. She probably would be recruited by a major company in Pittsburgh or Houston. Nellie danced for herself. She loved music and the way it made her feel." What is Nellie's motivation to dance?
What is dancing to the music or the music makes her feel good.
"Here's one story of how coffee was discovered. A goat herder in Abyssinia noticed that his usually calm goats were acting very hyper! He saw that they were eating red berries, so he tasted the berries himself and soon felt wide awake. He brought some of the berries to a local holy man who threw them in the fire. Soon, they noticed a wonderful smell. The holy man put the roasted berries in water and drank the first cup of coffee." What is the purpose of this? (Entertain, Persuade, Inform, Express Thoughts/Feels)
What is to inform or explain?
Throughout "The War Works Hard", the author uses this tone to criticize war.
What is satire?
Compares two things without using "Like" or "As"
What is a metaphor?
Nellie and Rosie peered from the wings. "I hope there's an agent out there!" Rosie whispered.
"Nellie shivered a little. It was hard enough for her to perform in public without imagining that people were watching her critically. Rosie always seemed so poised and graceful. She probably would be recruited by a major company in Pittsburgh or Houston. Nellie danced for herself. She loved music and the way it made her feel." What is Rosie's motivation for performing?
What is hoping to dance professionally?
"Here's one story of how coffee was discovered. A goat herder in Abyssinia noticed that his usually calm goats were acting very hyper! He saw that they were eating red berries, so he tasted the berries himself and soon felt wide awake. He brought some of the berries to a local holy man who threw them in the fire. Soon, they noticed a wonderful smell. The holy man put the roasted berries in water and drank the first cup of coffee." Who is the intended audience?
Who is a general audience?
"The clock's minutes ticked loudly through the small room. Tick-tock! Tick-tock! It was enough to drive a person crazy. The windows were sealed shut, and the hot air made it feel difficult to breathe. A distant alarm clock gave out a faint blare. Someone down the hall slammed a door shut, and a picture that had been hanging on the wall came crashing to the floor." The mood this passage creates.
What is tense?
Tone refers to this in a piece of writing.
What is the writers attitude towards a character or subject?
"The raindrops danced and jumped on the window" uses this figurative language
What is Personification?
Until a month ago, Eva and Aaron had been inseparable. But now all Aaron could do was to gaze at Eva as she strolled arm in arm with Sam. "What does she see in that guy?" Aaron muttered none too confidently. So, when Aaron saw that Eva had left a note on Sam's dorm-room door saying, "Meet me at 8 p.m.," Aaron removed it.' What can you infer is Aaron's motivation for removing the note?
What is jealousy?
"Remember, when taking standardized tests, you should make sure to read all answer choices. Eliminate the choices you know are wrong. Then, look at the remaining choices." What is the authors intended purpose?
What is to provide directions/inform how to test take?
"The village was full of rundown aluminum houses and rusty old bikes. Children with torn clothes and empty stomachs ran through the dirt streets, playing games to forget about their troubles. As the sun went down, lights flickered on in some of the windows. Children abandoned their games and wandered home. We approached one house, and knocked on the door." These details about setting hint at conflict.
What is children with torn clothes and empty stomachs?
"The man knelt down and placed the roses carefully in the vase. He traced the name on the gravestone with his fingers. He had come here every Sunday since the funeral, and he remembered that day as if it were yesterday.The tears streamed down his face. He stayed there a long time, thinking about everything that had changed." A word or phrase that described the tone.
What is sad?
"The crabs were better than my money. Her father came home with a truckload of them, bright orange crabs as big as cats." What is simile and its effects?
What is emphasizing the large size of crabs
At the end of "A Sound of Thunder", what motivates Eckles to go back in time? (After Stepping on the butterfly)
What is to fix time/what is regretting his actions?
"Remember, when taking standardized tests, you should make sure to read all answer choices. Eliminate the choices you know are wrong. Then, look at the remaining choices." The intended audience is this group of people.
Who are students?
"In the end, Byers discovered that when it comes to marsupial brain size, “if you snooze, you lose.” Koalas sleep up to 20 hours a day. They played the least and had the smallest brains (compared to their body size). The frolicking wombats played the most and had the biggest brains." The main idea of this paragraph.
What is brain size directly correlates to play time with marsupials?
"I remember with great joy the times my family spent at the beach. We kids would play in the sand, swim in the water, and take long walks with our parents. We used to sit down to big meals together and play board games after dark. How we all loved our vacations there! It would be wonderful to go back in time and enjoy those days all over again." The tone of this piece.
What is nostalgia?
"Niña crept up to the porch, smiling her death’s head smile, like the skull and crossbones on a bottle of medicine." The effect of the simile conveys this about Niña.
What is she is dying.
A Prescription for Pets
(13)Children’s Hospital Colorado also had a program for human-dog teams. The Prescription Pet Program at Children’s Hospital Colorado was founded in 1984. It was the first program in the country where therapy dogs came regularly to visit kids in a hospital. Initially, doctors had to write “prescriptions” for the kids in the hospital to get dog visits. Now, therapy teams make rounds visiting children’s rooms.
(14)Veterinarian Sara Mark helped develop the Prescription Pet Program. She felt that Hathaway was a good fit for a special program in the hospital. She suggested working in the rehabilitation gym. Hathaway’s job there would be to provide animal-assisted therapy (AAT).
(15)After a major injury, kids who need to re-learn how to use their bodies may stay in a hospital for weeks or months. Rehab gyms in children’s hospitals are full of toys, games, and kid-sized equipment designed to get bodies moving again. Dogs that work in AAT serve as another kind of tool. Therapists use the dogs to help motivate their patients and to get patients moving.
(16)Before going to the hospital, Hathaway takes a bath. In addition, I brush her teeth, clean her ears, and trim her nails. In the parking lot, she gets another brushing. Then a special vest goes on. It covers Hathaway’s body from her shoulders to her hips. The bath and brushing cut down on the amount of fur that might get on a patient. This helps reduce the possibility of allergic reactions.
(17)Many of the children in the rehabilitation gym are working on range of motion—stretching and re-training their muscles so they can reach or stand or walk. Hathaway’s gym bag contains dog toys shaped like footballs, soccer balls, and basketballs. One ball has a bell inside it. Patients with limited eyesight can hear the ball, even if they can’t see it. The therapist tells me what each child needs. Many times, kids who play with Hathaway don’t even realize that they are doing their therapy exercises!
(18)For Hathaway, it is hard work. The gym often hosts several patients at once. Each patient usually has two therapists and a family member or two alone. Doctors came in and out of the room, checking on patients. Sometimes, as many as 20 people occupy this small gym. Hathaway has to stay focused on just two people—me and the child she is working with right then—even if that means jogging past 10 other people to retrieve a ball.
(19)Hathaway loves doing animal assisted therapy. I know because each time since that first session, she sits up in the car as we turn into the hospital parking garage. She quivers with excitement. Once her vest is on, she prances her way into the building.
(20)It took time, but our teamwork paid off. We found her perfect job.
What are Hathaway helps children with animal-assisted therapy and the Prescription Pet Program allows dogs to visit kids in hospitals?