Key Terms
What was October 29, 1929, the day the stock market crashed, called?
Black Tuesday
What happened to stock prices on Black Tuesday?
Stock prices drop. Bear Market.
What were places where needy Americans waited for free food such as bread and soup called?
Breadlines
Who was president when the Great Depression began?
Herbert Hoover
What are FDR's three types of legislation from the New Deal? (Three R's)
Relief, Recovery, Reform
What is the term for people borrowing money to buy stocks?
Buying on Margin
What were the two main economic problems identified as causes of the Great Depression?
Overproduction and Underconsumption
What environmental disaster caused severe drought and dust storms across the Great Plains?
Dust Bowl
Which president introduced the New Deal?
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
Which New Deal program provided jobs for young men working on conservation projects?
The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
What were the makeshift communities built by homeless Americans during the Depression called?
Hoovervilles
What happened to many farmers when crop prices and farm incomes fell?
Farmers lost their farms because they couldn't pay their mortgages
What was the nickname given to many farmers who left the Dust Bowl region to seek work?
Okies
What group of World War I veterans marched on Washington in 1932 to demand early bonus payments?
The Bonus Army
Which New Deal program brought electricity and flood control to an underdeveloped region?
The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
What is the name for the regular ups and downs of economic activity?
In response to the Depression, Herbert Hoover creates the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC). What economic strategy does the RFC use to try to fix the economy?
Trickle-Down Economics
Who took the famous photograph Migrant Mother during the Great Depression?
Dorothea Lange
What were FDR's radio addresses to the American people called?
Fireside Chats
Which law established retirement pensions and unemployment insurance?
The Social Security Act
What policy encouraged or forced Mexican immigrants, including some U.S. citizens, to return to Mexico?
Repatriation
How could buying stocks with borrowed money make a stock market crash worse?
People could not pay back their debts when the stock market crashed
At the height of the Great Depression, approximately what percentage of Americans were unemployed:
25%
What major federal construction project was considered one of President Hoover's notable achievements?
The Hoover Dam
What are the three main goals of the New Deal, commonly described as relief, recovery, and reform?
Relief - Short-term help
Recovery - Restart the economy
Reform - Long-term changes to avoid a future depression