Vocab
What is the definition of Florentine?
From or relating to the city of Florence, Italy.
Who was Christopher Columbus?
(1451 – 1506 CE) He was an Italian explorer who sailed from Spain to the American continents in 1492. His four trips made Europe aware of the Americas and resulted in further exploration and the establishment of colonies.
Who was Hernán Cortés?
(1485 – 1547) A Spanish explorer who conquered the Aztec Empire and created New Spain.
To supply the colonies with labor, the conquistadores relied on coerced labor through the encomienda system
True
Though the Roman Catholic Church officially opposed Copernicus's heliocentric theory, other Renaissance scientists continued ___________ it.
researching
What is the definition of Coerced Labor?
Work that is completed out of fear of punishment.
What was the New World?
The term used by Europeans to describe the lands of North America, South America, and the Caribbean.
Who was Francisco Pizarro?
(ca. 1471 or 1476 – 1541) A Spanish explorer who conquered the Inca Empire in South America.
The Columbian Exchange caused 90% of the indigenous population to die due to war
False
They died from disease
Like disease, _______ cannot always be seen with the naked eye.
culture
What is the definition of Colonialism?
The policy of extending political and economic control over another area or nation (colony).
Where is Constantinople?
It was part of the Byzantine Empire and located in medieval Europe.
Who was Nicolaus Copernicus?
(1473 – 1543) A Polish astronomer who defied the Catholic Church by publicizing his theory that the sun, not the Earth, is at the center of the solar system.
Eurasia is a real word or term
True
Transoceanic exploration and the _________ ________ led to a global circulation of goods.
Columbian Exchange
What is the definition of Crusades?
(1095 – 1272) The name given to a series of military expeditions blessed by the Catholic Church that sought to restore access to the Holy Land after it had been conquered by Muslim states.
When did the Middle Ages take place?
Around the 500s to the 1400s.
Who was Süleyman the Magnificent?
(1494 – 1566) The 10th emperor of the Ottoman Empire. Known for his legal reforms and military conquests in Europe, Süleyman ruled during the peak of the empire's power.
Powerful Renaissance leaders like the Medicis were usually members of royal families
False
From 1279 to 1368, China was controlled by the ____ dynasty.
Yuan
What is the definition of Mercantilism?
The economic theory that countries should use trade to build up their stock of silver and gold. According to this theory, colonies exist solely to enrich the mother countries. For this relationship to work, the mother country has to maintain strict control over all aspects of colonial trade.
Why was linear perspective popular?
Because it creates perspective on a flat surface which can be used to make beautiful and realistic art.
Who was Vasco da Gama?
(1460 or 69 – 1524) A Portuguese explorer who was the commander of the first ships to sail directly from Europe to India. His expedition paved the way for Portugal to establish a long-lasting colonial empire in Asia.
Cortés failed to defeat one of Mesoamerica's most powerful empires
False
He did it in only a few years
Christians who left the Catholic Church became known as ___________, as they protested against Catholic policies.
Protestants