Rule of Law / Due Process
What phrase means the law is enforced the same way for everyone?
Rule of Law / Due Process
What is the balance of power between federal, state, and local governments?
Federalism
What are the three branches of the federal government?
Legislative (Congress), Executive (President), Judicial (Supreme Court)
What term describes when citizens can vote directly on laws?
Direct democracy
Give one example from the study guide that shows due process during an arrest.
Police tell the reason for arrest and inform suspect of the right to an attorney.
Name one thing the federal government handles.
Rules for airports or declaring war.
Who explained the idea that government power should be split between branches?
Montesquieu
What term describes when citizens elect representatives who vote on the laws?
Representative democracy
Which historical source listed in the study guide is associated with the development of due process and rule of law?
Magna Carta / English History
Which is a state responsibility and which is local government responsibility?
*utilities, land use, health/welfare
*state highway repair or trade in a state
STATE: state highway repair or trade in a state
LOCAL: utilities, land use, health/welfare.
Give one example from the study guide that shows checks and balances between branches.
The President is Commander in Chief, but Congress has the power to declare war.
What is the following an example of?
A concerned citizen creates a petition asking the town to add a stop sign on their street.
Civic participation
Explain in one sentence why rule of law is important for people living in a country.
Ensures laws apply equally to everyone so no one is above the law and rights are protected.
Which group is credited in the study guide as an influence on the idea of federalism?
Haudenosaunee Confederacy
What does “checks and balances” prevent?
Prevents any single branch from becoming too powerful by allowing branches to limit each other.
Which ancient civilization is listed as the origin of direct democracy? Which is representative democracy?
Direct democracy — Ancient Greece
Representative democracy — Ancient Rome
Describe a classroom or school example where due process could be used to make a fair decision about a student discipline issue.
Teacher/principal explains the reason for discipline, lets the student tell their side, and follows consistent rules or appeal steps.
Give an example showing how two states might have different rules for the same grade (from the study guide). Explain why federalism allows that.
Massachusetts could require 8th grade history to be civics while Texas chooses different material; federalism allows states to set local education policies while the federal government handles national matters.
Describe how a law is made and then checked by another branch (use the three branches in your explanation).
Legislature makes a law (Congress passes a bill), the President can sign or veto it (executive), and the courts can decide if the law is constitutional (judicial).
Explain the difference between a trustee representative and a delegate representative using the study guide definitions and give a classroom-style example of each.
Trustee uses their own judgment when making decisions (example: a representative studies the issue and votes what they think is best even if letters disagree). Delegate follows what constituents want (example: a representative surveys the district and votes according to the majority opinion).