Rural Urban Connections/Urban Sustainability
Goal: make enough food to survive,
selling for profit is secondary
Subsistence agriculture
Large city of global importance with many connections to cities globally
World City = Global City
Density of people & houses changes with increasing distance from CBD
Density gradient
cities with more than 10 million people
Mega Cities
little income + no car + no supermarket 🡺 health issues
Food Deserts
Goal: grow enough cash crops for profit
Commercial agriculture
“Explains spatial distribution of goods & services across the region”
Central Place Theory
skyscrapers, banks, lawyers, government,… are all in this area
Central Business District
“suburban settlement growing at fast pace while keeping its suburban feel”
Can get bigger population than some cities
Boomburbs
“white communities migrate out of cities as minorities get in”
- in Rust Belt USA (Detroit, Cleveland, etc.), Kowloon in HK
White Flight
Residential and commercial areas combined together 🡺 easy access to goods & services, less traffic, better environment, higher prices of realities
Mixed use neighborhoods
How many people need to be within range to
keep production of goods / services profitable
Threshold
(factories & workers’ homes, noise + air pollution)
Industrial Zone
“prosperous residential settlement outside suburban area, but still with connections to suburban region / edge cities”
Internet & modern technologies 🡺 work from home 🡺 rise of exurbs
Exurbs
“banks refusing loans to urban areas deemed too risky”
- often African-Americans & minorities 🡺 vicious circle of poverty
- white areas got cheaper loans 🡺 easier to make wealth
- not allowed anymore, but effects still remain
Redlining
“abandoned land that has been left polluted by last occupants”
Brownfields
Maximum distance people are willing to travel
to get goods / service (or to come to city)
Depends on uniqueness of goods & size of city
Range
(housing for the rich / middle income people)
Residential Zone
“cities that form their own, distinct economic district, in outskirts of big cities”
Often located near major roads / highways & connected with “beltway”
Economic districts tend to specialize (ex: university town/transportation hub)
Goods & services available in edge cities 🡺 no need to go to downtown
Edge Cities
“zones abandoned by their previous owners due to
economic or environmental reasons” (ghost towns in west US)
Zones of Abandonment
Crops & animals grown without chemicals and in sustainable way
- multicropping or crop rotation, no wasting water, no pesticides for crops
- animals without growth hormones, in open spaces 🡺 healthier / tastier
Organic Food
Area with socio-economic ties to central place
Market Area / Hinterland
Setting height limit on buildings to keep original cultural landscape
Urban infilling: increasing residential density in suburbs (= no urban sprawl)
Ex: height limits in European cities 🡺 few skyscrapers in historical centers
Government Policies
“unrestricted growth of urban areas & suburbs over large area of land”
Urban Sprawl
“one ethnic group sells their houses at cheaper rate out of
fear that another ethnic group moves in and decreases the
value of the property”
- real agents bought houses from the white in USA and rented /
sold it to minorities at higher price in 1950s-60s
Blockbusting