Food Security (causes and impacts)
3 Causes of food insecurity
Any 3
population growth
agricultural disease
unsustainable production
price setting
land degradation
diverting crops for biofuel
poverty
water shortages
climate change
Difference between extensive and intensive farming
Intensive farming is when farmers produce more food in smaller areas and in extensive farming, they use large areas of land to produce food products.
These are natural resources, such as solar or wind energy, that can replenish themselves within a human lifetime.
Renewable resources
Energy security is the uninterrupted availability of energy resources under what 2 conditions?
Affordable price and a consideration of its environmental impacts
WTE definition
converts trash into usable heating or electricity
define food security
when all people at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious foods to meet their dietary needs for their lifestyle.
Describe aquaponics
Fish eat plant waste and then produce waste that plants can use as fertilizer
Give two examples of non renewable resources
Oil, gas, coal, and nuclear fuel
Name of a cause of energy insecurity
Population growth, location of energy resources, fossil fuel depletion, supply distribution, and differing needs of countries experiencing different levels of economic development and climate change.
Cons of using food waste to feed animals
nutrient balance; short shelf life; attracts vermin; unknown effects of food chain; ethical concerns
3 impacts that food insecurity causes
malnutrition, poverty, slows economic development, famine, death, political destabilization, and migration
Define GM crops
Crops scientifically developed through changes in their genes to grow under challenging conditions and produce higher levels of nutrition.
pros of using fossil fuels [2]
cheaper, widely available, known technology and infrastructure widely available, energy dense, easier to transport
Countries at what economic level have a higher energy demand?
HICs
Name a type of waste exported to other countries
Household waste, Hazardous waste, recyclable waste, and e waste.
How does agricultural disease cause food insecurity?[2]
less plant food available; lower yields; less plant food available; less food for animals; higher prices; prices increase; less money to buy other foods
Weeds can compete with plants for space, water, light, and nutrients. This can reduce that competition-
Herbicide
cons of fossil fuels [2]
GHG emissions/CO2; climate change; smog; non renewable/finite
Name 2 impacts of energy insecurity
Poverty, lower standard of living (education and overall health), civil unrest and conflict, increasing energy prices, and reliance on imported energy sources.
Difference between bioaccumulation and biomagification
Bioaccumulation is the build up of toxins in an organisms body, and biomagnification is the build up of a toxin in an ecosystem's food chain or web.
Name one cause of land degradation
Over cropping or Monoculture cropping
Evaluate hydroponics as a strategy to manage food security.[4]
pros: larger yields; less pests/disease; produce higher value crops; does not require soil; controlled use of fertilizer; less water
cons: high energy cost; requires infrastructure and investments; does not produce staple crops
Biomass that comes from organic material like plants and animal waste can be made into biofuels. Name one biofuel.
Bioethanol and Biogas
Solutions to alleviating energy insecurity [2]
reduce environmental impacts; reducing reliance of fossil fuels; investing in renewables; increase energy efficiency; increase energy production; local energy projects; invest in energy technology; rationing
What is the oxygen free process called that is necessary for fermentation
Anaerobic