Properties
States
Mixtures
Physical and Chemical Changes
Materials*
100
Matter is... What is matter made up of?
Anything that has mass and occupies space. Matter is made up of atoms.
100
Describe a solid state of matter. Give an example.
Matter has a definite shape and colume. Shape does not depend on the container. Example: a rock
100
Describe the differences between a heterogeneous and homogeneous mixture.
A heterogeneous mixture is one that we can easily separate and identify the different components. A homogeneous mixture is one we can´t identify the components easily.
100
A physical change is when... Give an example.
...a matter changes the way it looks, but the chemical properties stay the same. Example: When ice melts / Changing of colour
100
Define materials.
Materials are different types of matter that objects are made from.
200
Mass is... How is it measured?
The amount of matter in an object. It is measured in grammes and kilogrammes.
200
Describe a liquid state of matter. Give an example.
Matter has a definite colume but its shape depends on the container. Example: water
200
What is the difference between a pure substance and a mixture? Give an example of each.
A pure substance is made up of only one type of matter but a mixture contains two or more types of matter. Example of a pure substance: Oxygen / Gold Example of a mixture: Air
200
A chemical change is when... Give an example.
...a matter changes its chemical properties and a new substance is produced. Example: Rust on iron / Burning wood / Making cheese
200
Which one of these two things are elastic? Rubber band / Chewing gum
Rubber band
300
Volume is... How is it measured?
Volume is the space an object occupies. Volume is measured in millilitres and litres.
300
Describe a gaseous state of matter. Give an example.
Matter doesn´t have a definite shape or volume, and both depend on the container. Gas takes up all the space in its container. Example: air
300
The two methods of separating solid mixtures are _______________ and _______________. Explain one of them.
Sieving / Magnetic separation Sieving: Separates mixtures of different-sized solids by using a screen. (or) Magnetic Separation: Separates mixtures of solids by using a magnet.
300
Combustion is... What do we call the matter that burns?
...a chemical reaction where light and heat are produced. It´s called fuel.
300
What´s the difference between a rock and a window? Use the properties of matter to help answer the question.
Rocks are hard, which means they are hard to scratch and damage, but a window is fragile, meaning it can break easily.
400
Density is... How is it measured?
Density is the amount of a mass in a unit of volume. It is measured in kilogrammes per litre.
400
How is something that is melting different from something that is freezing?
When something is melting, it changes from a solid state to a liquid state. When something is freezing, it changes from a liquid state to a solid state.
400
The two methods of separating a solid from a liquid are _______________ and _______________. Explain one of them.
Evaporation / Filtration Evaporation: Used to separate a dissolved solid substance from a liquid. When the liquid evaporates, the solids remain (crystallise). (or) Filtration: Used to separate a dissolved solid substance from a liquid. When the mixture passes through the filter, the liquid can pass through, but the solids can´t.
400
Oxidation is... What is rust?
...when substances use oxygen from the air to create a new substance. Rust is the brown substance formed on iron during the process of oxidation.
400
What does it mean when a substance is soluble? Give an example.
It means that a substance is easily dissolved into water. Salt is soluble.
500
If an orange has a density of 0.8 kg/l, and a cell phone has a density of 1.2 kg/l, which one will sink and which one will float? Why?
The orange will float because its density is less than 1, and the cell phone will sink because its density is more than 1.
500
How is evaporation different from sublimation? What do they have in common?
Evaporation is when something changes from liquid to gas, but sublimation is when something changes from a solid to gas. They both are changing to gas.
500
The two methods of separating liquid solutions are _______________ and _______________. Explain one of them.
Distillation / Decantation Distillation: When the liquid mixture is heated, the liquid with the lower boilidng point evaporates. Then, you catch the vapors and cool them until it condenses back to a liquid. (or) Decantation: Separates liquids by their different densities through a funnel.
500
Fermentation is... Give an example.
...when fungi and bacteria change organic substances into other substances. Example: making wine
500
What´s the difference between thermal conductors and thermal insulators? Give an example of each.
Thermal conductors can conduct heat easily, but thermal insulators can´t conduct heat easily. Thermal conductor: metal Thermal insulator: wood
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