Health Psychology
Positive Psychology
Psychological Disorders
Treatments of Psychological Disorders
General
100
The process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging. It can be motivating (_____) as well as negative and debilitating (______).
What is Stress?
Eustress and Distress
100
A theory that proposes that positive emotions broaden our awareness, which over time helps us build novel and meaningful skills and resilience that improve well-being.
What is the Broaden-and-Build Theory?
100
Emotions, thoughts, or behavior that interfere with normal day-to-day functioning.
What is Dysfunctional or Maladaptive?
100
Offers medication or other biological treatments. For example, a person with severe depression may receive antidepressants, electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT), or deep brain stimulation.
What is Biomedical Therapy?
100
A group of disorders marked by irrational ideas, distorted perceptions, and a loss of contact with reality.
What is Psychotic Disorders?
200
Selye’s concept of the body’s adaptive response to stress in three phases — alarm (mobilizes resources), resistance (cope with stress), exhaustion (reserves depleted).
What is General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)?
200
Our tendency to form judgments relative to a neutral level defined by our prior experience. For example, a sound can be loud or soft based on our experience.
What is Adaptation-Level Phenomenon?
200
A model that assumes that individual genetic predispositions combine with environmental stressors to influence psychological disorder.
What is the Diathesis-Stress Model?
200
Therapies that aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing a person’s awareness of underlying motives and defenses.
What is Insight Therapies?
200
Compulsive fretting; overthinking our problems and their causes.
What is Rumination?
300
The process of attempting to alleviate stress by avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to our stress reaction.
What is Emotion-Focused Coping?
300
A type of mediation; a reflective practice in which people attend to current experiences in a nonjudgmental and accepting manner. You would relax and silently attend to your inner state, without judging it.
What is Mindfulness Meditation?
300
An anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal. People with this condition worry continually and are often jittery.
What is Generalized Anxiety Disorder?
300
Behavior therapy procedures that use classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; include exposure therapies and aversive conditioning.
What is Counterconditioning?
300
A form of schizophrenia that can begin at any age; frequently occurs in response to a traumatic event, and from which recovery is much more likely.
What is Acute Schizophrenia?
400
Friedman and Rosenman’s term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people. While the other is for easy-going and relaxed people.
What are Type A and Type B?
400
The ability to construct meaningful experience in response to a period of trauma. It is the positive psychological change that can occur after trauma and lead to greater resilience, deeper relationships, new perspectives, and personal strength.
What is Post-Traumatic Growth?
400
The most severe form, in which people experience a euphoric, talkative, highly energetic, and overly ambitious state that lasts a week or longer.
What is Bipolar I Disorder?
400
A type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat specific phobias.
What is Systematic Desensitization?
400
These are rare group of disorders characterized by a disruption of or discontinuity in the normal integration of consciousness, memory, identity, emotion, perception, body representation, motor control, and behavior.
What are Dissociative Disorders?
500
The study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes together affect our immune system and resulting health.
What is Psychoneuroimmunology?
500
The perception that we are worse off relative to those with whom we compare ourselves.
What is Relative Deprivation?
500
A disorder in which people experience a depressed mood on more days than not for at least 2 years. They also have to display at least 2 of these symptoms: Difficulty with decision-making and concentration, feeling hopeless, poor self-esteem, reduced energy levels, problems regulating sleep or appetite.
What is Persistent Depressive Disorder?
500
A confrontational cognitive therapy, developed by Albert Ellis, that vigorously challenges people’s illogical, self-defeating attitudes and assumptions.
What is Rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT)?
500
In psychoanalysis, the patient’s transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent).
What is Transference?