1
Within a DNA molecule, how are nitrogen bases held together?
Weak Hydrogen Bonds
What substance is needed to begin the process of glycolysis?
ATP
Red hair and freckles are commonly inherited together. Which of the following patterns of inheritance explains this?
Linked genes
How many amino acids are coded for by the strand of mRNA shown here? Assume the reading frame begins with the first nucleotide
2
During _____________, the cell uses information from messenger RNA to make polypeptides.
Translation
In humans, where does DNA replication take place?
Nucleus
In tomatoes, the allele for red fruit (R) is dominant over the allele for yellow fruit (r). The Punnett square below shows a cross between a heterozygous tomato with red fruit and a homozygous tomato with red fruit. What is the probability that their offspring will have red fruit?
100%
In pigs, the allele for a wavy, rough coat (R) is dominant to the allele for a soft, fine coat (r). A rough coat boar and a soft coat sow mate. They produce several litters, 50% are rough coats and 50% are smooth coats. What must be the genotypes of the parents to create this phenotypic ratio?
Rr x rr
The sequence of ________________ in a DNA molecule determines the protein that will be produced.
Nucleotides
During protein synthesis, what does mRNA do?
It delivers DNA’s instructions for making proteins to the ribosome.
Different forms of a gene are called ____?
Alleles
Human height occurs in a continuous range because it is affected by the interaction of many genes, making it a(n)
Polygenic trait
If a portion of a messenger RNA molecule contains the base sequence A-A-U, then the corresponding anticodon on the tRNA base sequence is
U-U-A
The form of a gene that is always expressed if present is the _____________ form.
Dominant
Compared to the number of chromosomes contained in a normal body cell, how many chromosomes would normally be contained in a gamete?
1/2 as many
2N means diploid, N means _____?
Haploid
In nucleotides, the letters A, G, C, and T represent
Nitrogen bases
Two parents have the genotype Gg for a genetic disorder caused by a recessive allele. What is the chance that any of their children will inherit the disorder?
25%
If an organism inherits one dominant allele and one recessive allele for eye color, its genotype would be...
Heterozygous
Using the codon chart what amino acid corresponds to the codon CCC?
Pro
RNA from a bear is compared to RNA from a sunflower. Both will contain the
Sugar ribose and base uracil
The cellular process of creating two new DNA molecules from one original copy is called replication. Which statement is the BEST description of this process?
DNA opens up and each strand is used as a template for making a new strand.
Two heterozygous purple-flowering pea plants are crossed. If purple is dominant over white, what are the expected phenotypic results?
75% purple, 25% white
In which stage of meiosis would gene segments of chromosomes complete "crossover" and exchange genetic information?
Prophase I
Translate this DNA to a strand of RNA.
TAG CAT GGA AGT ACT
AUC GUA CCU UCA UGA