Enlightenment Ideas
The idea that argues people are born with the rights of life, liberty, and property.
Natural Rights
This invention allowed for broken components to be replaced on machines and keep production moving.
Interchangeable parts
This system supports private ownership and profit-driven markets.
Capitalism
This revolution caused European contries to seek out new markets by creating colonies.
This new social group emerged between elites and laborers during industrialization.
Middle class
A system where the government is divided into three branches, creating checks and balances.
Separation of Power
This invention by James Watt improved efficiency and powered factories and transportation.
Steam engine
This system calls for shared ownership of resources and means of production.
Socialism
Industrializing nations sought after colonies in oder to obtain...
Raw materials
This class made up the majority of factory workers.
Proletariat
This concept argued that governments exist through an agreement with the people they govern and can be replaced.
Social contract
Machines in factories replaced the industry of spinning cotton at home by hand to produce fabrics.
The cottage industry
Manufactures created these to minimize risk when investing in companies.
Corporations
This conference divided Africa among European powers without African input.
Berlin Conference
These organizations formed to improve wages and working conditions.
Labor unions
This idea emphasizes reason and logic over tradition or religious authority.
Rationalism
This transportation innovation dramatically lowered shipping costs in the 1800s.
Railroads
This concept applied “survival of the fittest” to economics and society.
Social Darwinism
European powers adopted this system to generate wealth through import and export control.
Mercantilism
This ideology argued that harsh working conditions would eventually lead to revolution.
Marxism
Enlightenment ideas directly inspired these late-18th-century revolutions.
American and French Revolutions
This global effect of industrialization increased environmental damage and overcrowding.
Pollution and urbanization
This economic idea argues the government should not interfere in the economy.
Laissez-faire
This belief claimed Europeans had the moral duty to dominate others.
White Man's Burden
A new social culture that made the middle class the target audience for nonessesntial goods and leisure activities.
Consumerism