Irrigation
What method of irrigation increases the chance of flooding?
Flood irrigation
Name on disadvantage to CAFOs/feedlots.
-large amounts of GHGs=climate change
-large volume of waste=contamination of nearby water/groundwater
- antibiotics and growth hormones used
Contour Plowing can be used to reduce what?
Soil Erosion
What is the biggest reason to why TOC happens?
When no one person or group owns the source, no one feels responsible for maintaining it, and no one directly suffers the cost of depleting or degrading it
What is carbon footprint?
All CO2 released from an individual or groups consumption & activities
What is one solution to waterlogging?
Drip irrigation or soil aeration
What is one method of IPM?
-Researching and monitoring pests
- biocontrol
-intercropping
- crop rotation
What is the method created to reduce overgrazing of soil?
Rotational grazing
Fisher collapse, loss of income, starvation
What are ways to decrease Ecological Footprint?
Renewable energy use
Public transportation
Plant-based diet
Less consumption, less travel, less energy use
What form of irrigation is costly but the most efficient?
Drip Irrigation
How can overgrazing cause desertification?
What is green manure?
Leftover plant matter from a cover crop - a crop planted in the offseason, between harvest & replanting of main crop
What is one example of a legislation/law passed to prevent TOC?
Clean air act, clean water act, safe drinking water act, BLM (Bureau of Land Management)
Name one factor of Ecological Footprint.
food production, raw materials, housing, electricity production, waste disposal
what causes soil salinization and what is one consequence of it?
Soil Salinization--->water from furrow or flood irrigation causes evaporation, leaving salt behind in the soil.
Consequences: dehydrates roots of crops, crop yield declines, eutrophication
Name one disadvantage of free range grazing.
requires more land, more expensive for the consumer
How can crop rotation improve soil fertility?
Crop rotation can allow soil to recover from nitrogen-demanding crops like corn; depletes soil of the same nutrients
What does commons mean in TOC?
Any resource that provides users with tangible benefits but which nobody has an exclusive claim.
How does meat consumption increase footprint?
more land, water, energy from production
What is one of the largest aquifers in the Great Plains?
Ogallala
What chemical does Bt corn produce?
Delta endotoxin
How can limestone improve/maintain soil fertility?
Limestone releases calcium carbonate (base) which neutralizes acidic soil
The phrase Tragedy of the Commons was originally coined by...
William Foster Lloyd
What is the current average US footprint (in earths)?
5.1 Earths