Organs, Structures, and More
White blood cells are most closely associated with which two body systems?
circulatory and immune
The failure of the human body to effectively maintain dynamic equilibrium can result in
disease
A similarity between the nervous system and the endocrine system in humans is that they both
maintain homeostasis
Feedback mechanisms are best described as processes that help
Maintain homeostasis
Keep the body in a steady state
Which type of cell engulfs pathogens and marks them for killing?
white blood cells
What are the air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs called?
alveoli
Allergic reactions are most closely associated with
immune system reacting to a harmless substance
Which two human systems work together to provide glucose for the cells of the body?
digestive and circulatory
The chemical regulators secreted by the endocrine systems are known as
Which substances may form in the human body due to invaders entering the blood?
antibodies
In humans, structures that absorb most of the products of digestion are the
villi in the small intestine
Drugs to reduce the risk of rejection are given to organ transplant patients because the donated organ contains
foreign antigens
Which two systems are directly involved in locomotion in humans?
muscular and skeletal
An increase in the level of insulin in the blood would most directly result in
Which substances usually stimulate an immune response?
antigens
What are the three body structures that have walls one cell thick?
villi, alveoli, and capillaries
Which type of pathogenic microbe causes AIDS?
virus
The nucleus of a cell coordinates processes and activities that take place in the cell. Which two systems perform a similar function in the human body?
nervous and endocrine
When blood sugar levels are high, what hormone is released and where does it come from?
insulin secreted from the pancreas
What is in a vaccine?
dead/weakened form of the pathogen
People with cystic fibrosis have decreased levels of some digestive enzymes in their small intestines. It is essential that they take enzyme supplements in order to prevent malnutrition. These enzymes are an important part of the digestive process because they
break down foods so that nutrients can be absorbed and used
What disease causes a person to have constantly high or uncontrolled blood sugar levels?
Diabetes
Which three human body systems are most directly involved in converting the energy in food to energy needed to do an activity such as jumping jacks?
digestive, respiratory, and circulatory
Organisms maintain internal stability in a changing environment. To do this, they make a series of adjustments.The process of making these continual adjustments is referred to as
dynamic equilibrium
When people receive organ transplants, they often need to take medications that decrease immune responses because
transplanted organs contain antigens that can trigger white blood cell activity