Jim Crow
Jim Crow laws were originally based upon what?
Black Codes
What type of home did most immigrants and factory workers live in?
Tenement housing
Why was the Gilded Age called the "Gilded Age?"
Gilded meaning only covered in gold, implying a shiny coat of gold was covering up the bad things underneath
Railroads
Describe the Dawes Act.
Indian Reservations were further divided into smaller sections to be handed to individuals.
What was the One Drop Rule?
If you have "one drop" of "African" blood, then you were African.
Following the general trend of immigration, what demographic settled on the East Coast and what demographic settled mostly on the West Cost?
East Cost-European/Irish
West Cost-Asian/Chinese
Politicians were often financially supported by what?
Political machines
The 1st Trans-Continental Railroad was built by what 2 groups? (Bonus points for telling me who got to Promontory first)
Union and Central Pacific
-Union Pacific
How did mechanization impact farmers out west?
Machine farming lowers costs and price, but is expensive to buy. Bigger and richer farms can afford it but not smaller farmers, so small scale farmers get "eaten" by the bigger farms.
Segregation
Describe one of the ways (3) that Social Darwinism affected the view of businesses.
- It's only natural that weak businesses get "consumed" by strong businesses
-Whatever you can do to be a "strong" and profitable business is fine and ethical
-Low level workers are meant to be mindless people who follow orders
For the first time in history, Europe and the Americas were directly connected with what?
Trans-Atlantic Telegraph
Who were the 4 wealthiest people in the US during this time, and what were their industies?
-Carnegie: Steel
-Rockefeller: Oil
-Morgan: Banks
-Vanderbilt: Railroads
Describe the Homestead Act and why it didn't work out well.
-160 acres is not a lot of land to farm
What Supreme Court Case upheld "separate but equal?"
Plessy v. Ferguson
The reason the government did not intervene in unethical business practices was because they believed in what?
-Unrestricted/Unconstricted capitalism
-Laisse-faire economics
Most railroad work was done by what group?
Chinese immigrants
Name and describe the practice Carnegie used to monopolize his industry.
Name and describe the practice Rockefelller used.
-Carnegie: Vertical Integration. Having control in every step in production
-Rockefeller: Horizontal Integration. Controlling all of a single step in productions, such as buying all the oil refineries so only he could refine it
How did the Homestead Act impact Indian Tribes and Cattle Ranchers?
-Homesteaders settled on Indian land
-Homesteaders established barbed wire borders which halted the driving of cattle
Name and describe the event that lead to the SCOTUS case United States v. Cruikshank?
Colfax Riot/ 150 African Americans were killed
The wealthy would often spend a lot of money in the flashiest ways to try and show off. What was this called?
Conspicious Consumption
Due to the Democrats and Republicans being very timid in their actions, what political group was formed and what are some of the things they believed in?
Populists
-Direct elections
-8 hour work day
-More government intervention
Describe the Gospel of Wealth
The wealth had an obligation to spend money on behalf of those without money, but not to donate it directly to them because they were not able to make smart decisions with it
How did railroads lead to the Interstate Commerce Commision? (Bonus points for naming the movement)
Farmers depended on railroads, which could charge whatever they wanted. ICC was created to manage railroad pricing.
Grange Movement