Nerves
Nerves Pt. 2
The Brain Pt. 1
The Brain Pt. 2
Miscellaneous
100
What is the difference between neurons & neuroglia?
Neurons conduct impulses around the body and neuroglia provide support, insulation, and protection for neurons; neurons make up 10% of the nervous system & neuroglia make up 90% of the nervous system
100
How are neurons classified?
By the number of processes extending from the cell body (unipolar, bipolar, multipolar)
100
What is the largest part of the brain?
Cerebrum
100
Which lobe of the brain controls decision making, reasoning, and planning?
The frontal lobe
100
Which lobe of the brain controls sensations such as pain, hunger, and thirst?
Parietal lobe
200
If these neuroglial cells were very active, it would likely indicate an infection in the CNS:
Microglia
200
Draw and label the following structures on a neuron:
axon, cell body, dendrites, synapse, nodes of ranvier, myelin sheath, schwann cell
200
Which lobe of the brain controls visual processing?
The occipital lobe
200
List the 3 meninges surrounding the brain
Dura mater
Arachnoid membrane
Pia mater
200
What causes CTE? List 3 symptoms associated with CTE.
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy
Caused by repeated collisions with the brain
Aggression, anxiety, suicidal thoughts, memory loss, confusion, depression, etc.
300
What happens when a nerve impulse reaches the axon terminal?
Vesicles release neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft
300
What are the 5 elements of a reflex arc?
1. Receptor
2. Sensory Neurons
3. Integration
4. Motor Neurons
5. Effector
300
Which portion of the brain "bridges" the cerebrum and the cerebellum?
Brain stem --> Pons
300
Which section of the brain allows for "muscle memory?"
The cerebellum
300
What is the main difference between the autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system?
The autonomic nervous system is associated with involuntary muscle control and the somatic nervous system is associated with voluntary muscle control
400
_________________ wrap around the axon of a neuron to create the ___________________.
Schwann cells; myelin sheath
400
______________ support and anchor neurons in the CNS and ________________ support and anchor neurons in the PNS.
Astrocytes, satellite cells
400
What are the three regions of the brain stem?
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla Oblongata
400
What is the function of the blood brain barrier?
To maintain homeostasis in the brain and prevent infection
400
Which division of the nervous system is used in emergency or "fight or flight" situations?
Sympathetic division
500
When an impulse passes through a neuron, what is the correct order for transmission of the impulse?
Dendrites, cell body, axon, synapse
500
Describe the events that occur at a synapse.
As the impulse reaches the axon terminal, neurotransmitters are released by vesicles. Neurotransmitters travel across the synaptic cleft & bind to receptors on the next neuron. This causes channels on the next neuron to open, allowing the impulse to continue.
500
The two hemispheres of the cerebrum are connected by a bundle of nerve fibers called the _____________________.
Corpus callosum
500
Label each section of the brain (write the color + name)
Light Blue= frontal lobe
Purple= parietal lobe
Green= occipital lobe
Yellow= temporal lobe
Red= cerebellum
Blue= brain stem
500
Describe resting potential
Cell is negatively charged, environment is positively charged