6.1 DNA and RNA Structure
What is the primary source of heritable information?
What is DNA and in some cases RNA?
What does DNA replication do?
What is ensures continuity of hereditary information?
What determines RNA function?
What is the sequence of the RNA bases together with the structure of the RNA molecule?
What does the noncoding strand do?
What is act as a template strand (this is determined by the gene being transcribed)?
Where does translation of the mRNA to generate a polypeptide occur?
What is on ribosomes that are present in the cytoplasm of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells on the rough ER of eukaryotic cells?
How is genetic information transmitted from one generation to the next?
What is through DNA or RNA?
What kind of process is replication? What does that mean?
What is a semiconservative process where one strand of DNA serves as a template for a new strand of complementary DNA?
What is the function of tRNA?
What is distinct tRNA molecules bind specific amino acids and have anti-codon sequences that base pair with the mRNA and is then recruited to the ribosome during translation to generate the primary peptide based on the mRNA sequence?
What does RNA polymerase do?
What is synthesizes mRNA molecules in the 5´ to the 3´ direction by reading the template DNA strand in the 3´ to 5´ direction?
When does translation of the mRNA molecule occur in prokaryotes?
What is while it is being transcribed?
How is genetic information stored and passed to subsequent generations?
Through DNA molecules and in some cases RNA molecules
What does helicase do? Ligase?
What is the function of rRNA molecules?
What is functional building blocks of ribosomes?
What happens with the mRNA transcript in eukaryotic cells?
What is it undergoes a series of enzyme-regulated mondifications- addition of a poly-A tail, addition of a GTP cap?
What does translation involve?
What is energy and many sequential steps including initiation, elongation, and termination?
What is the shape of prokaryotic organisms chromosomes? Eukaryotic?
What is circular and multiple linear?
What does Topoisomerase do?
What is relaxes supercoiling in front of the replication fork?
How does genetic information flow?
What is it flows from a sequence of nucleotides in DNA to a sequence of bases in an mRNA molecule to a sequence of amino acids in a protein?
What is alternative splicing?
When is translation initiated?
What is when the rRNA in the ribosome interacts with the mRNA at the start codon?
What are plasmids?
What is small extra-chromosomal double-stranded circular DNA molecules?
What do RNA primers and DNA polymerase do?
What is help DNA polymerase to initiate DNA synthesis and synthesize new strands of DNA continuously on the leading strand and discontinuously on the lagging strand?
What is transcription?
What is when the RNA polymerases use a single template strand of DNA to direct the inclusion of bases in the newly formed RNA molecule
START OF 6.1 PT. 2!!!
What characteristics of DNA allow it to be used as the hereditary material? What are purines and pyrimidines?
What is DNA and sometimes RNA exhibits specific nucleotide base pairing that is conserved through evolution: adenine pairs with thymine or uracil and cytosine pairs with guanine.
G, A= purines double ring structure
C,T,U= pyrimidines single ring structure
How is the sequence of nucleotides on mRNA read? What do they do?