DNA Structure
DNA Replication
Protein Synthesis
Gene Regulation & Mutations
Biotechnology
100
What is the shape of DNA?
double helix
100
Which enzyme unzips the DNA molecule?
Helicase
100
What does adenine pair with in mRNA?
uracil
100
Mutation that changes the codon but not the amino acid
Silent
100
Small circular DNA that can be found in a bacteria cell?
plasmid
200
What is the monomer of DNA?
**Daily Double**
Nucleotide
200
What enzyme builds the new strands of DNA?
What is DNA polymerase
200
Molecule that brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation
What is tRNA
200
What is a nonsense mutation
It codes for a premature stop
200
What is used to cut DNA into fragments?
Restriction Enzymes
300
What makes up the sides of the DNA ladder? The backbone?
deoxyribose and phosphate
300
Why is DNA replication considered semiconservative?
Part of the new strands is original and part is new
300
Summarize transcription
Process of making mRNA strand using DNA as a template.
300
Mutation that alters all the following amino acids
Frame shift
300
In gel electrophoresis, DNA moves towards the
positively charged end
400
What type of bond links complementary bases from the two DNA strands together?
hydrogen
400
Which new strand of DNA needs to be made in segments and later spliced together?
What is the lagging strand.
400
Summarize translation
Process of ribosome reading mRNA to determine amino acids and build a protein.
400
What type of mutation is this example? TTG in DNA is changed to TTA
Substitution is silent mutation
400
Summarize CRISPR
A biotechnology process that can alter DNA by cutting sections of DNA and changing the nucleotide sequence
500
Which scientist used X-ray diffraction to determine DNA has a helical shape?
Who is Rosalind Franklin
500
What combines the Okazaki fragments?
DNA Ligase
500
What nucleic acids are involved in protein synthesis? Categorize with transcription and translation.
Transcription: DNA, mRNA
Translation: mRNA, rRNA, tRNA
500
Do all mutations result in evolution? Explain.
No, some could be silent and will not cause a change in traits. Some could change in traits that do not alter natural selection.
500
A technique used to make many copies of DNA fragment
PCR - Polymerase Chain Reaction