Principles/laws
Gas laws
How many valence electrons does Ni have?
(group 10)
0
He did not plan to learn about atoms, he was working with electricity but found atoms in an experiment.
Thomson's model
What is the law of conservation of mass?
Mass cannot be created or destroyed
The pressure of a gas increases as the temperature increases if the volume doesn't change.
Gay-Lussac's law
How many Valence electrons does O have?
(group 16)
6
Discovered electrons, negatively charged particles, and electrons are spread throughout the atom.
Plum-Pudding model
What is an element?
A material that consists of a single type of atom
A fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature the volume of a gas increases as the gas's pressure decreases.
Boyle's law
How many valence electrons does Xe have?
(group 18)
8
Proposed that most of the mass of the atom was concentrated at the atoms center.
Ruth Ford's model
What is an Isotope?
An isotope has different protons, neutrons, and they are unstable
For a fixed amount of gas at constant pressure, the volume of the gas increases as the gas's temperature increases.
Charle's law
How many valence electrons does Al have?
(group 13)
3
Discovered the electrons are more in shells than all over the area.
Bohr's model
Which trend increases going right to left and deals with the size of the atom?
Atomic radias
All atoms of a given element are exactly alike and atoms of different elements could join to form compounds.
Dalton's Atomic Theory.
How many Valence electrons do F and Cl have?
(group 17)
(separate numbers, not added together.)
both have 7
Electrons can be found only in certain energy levels.
Modern model
How does electronegativity change through the periods and groups?
It increases as it moves left to right